Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background-Aim: Medical students have been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic due to their educational program, which comprises theoretical knowledge and also clinical duties, making them vulnerable to viral exposures and possibly affecting their everyday life. The aim of this study was to ex...

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Autores principales:	Anna Eleftheriou, Aikaterini Rokou, Aikaterini Arvaniti, Evangelia Nena, Paschalis Steiropoulos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 medical students sleep quality mental health pandemic Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8498e6e2034c401fb752f4f7dcb955d6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8498e6e2034c401fb752f4f7dcb955d62021-11-19T04:56:46ZSleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic2296-256510.3389/fpubh.2021.775374https://doaj.org/article/8498e6e2034c401fb752f4f7dcb955d62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.775374/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-2565Background-Aim: Medical students have been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic due to their educational program, which comprises theoretical knowledge and also clinical duties, making them vulnerable to viral exposures and possibly affecting their everyday life. The aim of this study was to explore changes in sleep and mental health parameters among medical students in Greece during the second year of the pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised students of all medical schools in Greece (n = 7), using an anonymous online survey. Participants completed the following questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Statistical analysis was conducted with the use of SPSS v.26 (IBM SPSS, Armonk NY, USA).Results: Out of the 562 received responses, 559 met the inclusion criteria. The largest proportion of the respondents came from 4th-year (27.8%) and the majority of the sample were females (69.8%). Only 5.9% of the participants reported having been infected by SARS-COV-2. Most of the respondents experienced insomnia (65.9%, mean AIS score: 7.59 ± 4.24), poor sleep quality (52.4%, mean PSQI score: 6.6 ± 3.25) and increased fatigue (48.5%, mean 35.82 ± 11.74). Moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (mean 9.04 ± 5.66) and depression (mean 9.36 ± 6.15) were noted. Suicidal ideation was found in 16.7% of the sample, while use of sleeping pills in the previous month was reported by 8.8% (n = 47). Further analysis revealed independent associations between sleep and mental health parameters. Higher AIS score was associated with greater FSS score; higher PSQI scores with higher GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. Additionally, female students were found to be significantly more affected than males by the COVID-19 pandemic, displaying higher levels of insomnia, sleep disturbances, anxiety and depression. In addition, those with a history of COVID-19 infection or in close proximity with a positive case reported significantly more significant post-traumatic symptoms in IES-COVID-19 questionnaire.Conclusions: In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, prevalence of sleep and mental health disorders among Greek medical students is significant, highlighting the need for better surveillance of students' wellbeing and subsequent counseling, with special focus on female students and other affected groups.Anna EleftheriouAikaterini RokouAikaterini ArvanitiEvangelia NenaPaschalis SteiropoulosFrontiers Media S.A.articleCOVID-19medical studentssleep qualitymental healthpandemicPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENFrontiers in Public Health, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 medical students sleep quality mental health pandemic Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	COVID-19 medical students sleep quality mental health pandemic Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Anna Eleftheriou Aikaterini Rokou Aikaterini Arvaniti Evangelia Nena Paschalis Steiropoulos Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic
description	Background-Aim: Medical students have been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic due to their educational program, which comprises theoretical knowledge and also clinical duties, making them vulnerable to viral exposures and possibly affecting their everyday life. The aim of this study was to explore changes in sleep and mental health parameters among medical students in Greece during the second year of the pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised students of all medical schools in Greece (n = 7), using an anonymous online survey. Participants completed the following questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Statistical analysis was conducted with the use of SPSS v.26 (IBM SPSS, Armonk NY, USA).Results: Out of the 562 received responses, 559 met the inclusion criteria. The largest proportion of the respondents came from 4th-year (27.8%) and the majority of the sample were females (69.8%). Only 5.9% of the participants reported having been infected by SARS-COV-2. Most of the respondents experienced insomnia (65.9%, mean AIS score: 7.59 ± 4.24), poor sleep quality (52.4%, mean PSQI score: 6.6 ± 3.25) and increased fatigue (48.5%, mean 35.82 ± 11.74). Moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (mean 9.04 ± 5.66) and depression (mean 9.36 ± 6.15) were noted. Suicidal ideation was found in 16.7% of the sample, while use of sleeping pills in the previous month was reported by 8.8% (n = 47). Further analysis revealed independent associations between sleep and mental health parameters. Higher AIS score was associated with greater FSS score; higher PSQI scores with higher GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. Additionally, female students were found to be significantly more affected than males by the COVID-19 pandemic, displaying higher levels of insomnia, sleep disturbances, anxiety and depression. In addition, those with a history of COVID-19 infection or in close proximity with a positive case reported significantly more significant post-traumatic symptoms in IES-COVID-19 questionnaire.Conclusions: In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, prevalence of sleep and mental health disorders among Greek medical students is significant, highlighting the need for better surveillance of students' wellbeing and subsequent counseling, with special focus on female students and other affected groups.
format	article
author	Anna Eleftheriou Aikaterini Rokou Aikaterini Arvaniti Evangelia Nena Paschalis Steiropoulos
author_facet	Anna Eleftheriou Aikaterini Rokou Aikaterini Arvaniti Evangelia Nena Paschalis Steiropoulos
author_sort	Anna Eleftheriou
title	Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_short	Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full	Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr	Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed	Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_sort	sleep quality and mental health of medical students in greece during the covid-19 pandemic
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8498e6e2034c401fb752f4f7dcb955d6
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Sleep Quality and Mental Health of Medical Students in Greece During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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