Psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.

<h4>Objective</h4>Undergraduates at a university in the United States were exposed - directly and indirectly - to 14 peer deaths during one academic year. We examined how individual and social factors were associated with psychological (e.g., anxiety, depression, somatization) and physio...

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Autores principales:	Judith Pizarro Andersen, Roxane Cohen Silver, Brandon Stewart, Billie Koperwas, Clemens Kirschbaum
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/849a962ecc814aaab7d11b1ef04fbfa7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:849a962ecc814aaab7d11b1ef04fbfa72021-11-18T08:53:29ZPsychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0075881https://doaj.org/article/849a962ecc814aaab7d11b1ef04fbfa72013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24086655/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objective</h4>Undergraduates at a university in the United States were exposed - directly and indirectly - to 14 peer deaths during one academic year. We examined how individual and social factors were associated with psychological (e.g., anxiety, depression, somatization) and physiological (i.e., cortisol) distress responses following this unexpected and repeated experience with loss.<h4>Method</h4>Two to three months after the final peer death, respondents (N = 122, 61% female, 18-23 years, M = 20.13, SD = 1.14) reported prior adverse experiences, degree of closeness with the deceased, acute responses to the peer deaths, ongoing distress responses, social support, support seeking, and media viewing. A subset (n = 24) returned hair samples for evaluation of cortisol responses during the previous 3 months.<h4>Results</h4>Ongoing psychological distress was associated with a) prior interpersonal trauma, b) fewer social supports, and c) media exposure to news of the deaths (p's<.05). Participants who had no prior bereavements showed, on average, high cortisol (>25 p/mg) compared to individuals with one or two prior bereavement experiences (who were, on average, within the normal range, 10 to 25 p/mg) (p<.05). Only 8% of the sample utilized available university psychological or physical health resources and support groups.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Limited research has examined the psychological and physiological impact of exposure to chronic, repeated peer loss, despite the fact that there are groups of individuals (e.g., police, military soldiers) that routinely face such exposures. Prior adversity appears to play a role in shaping psychological and physiological responses to repeated loss. This topic warrants further research given the health implications of repeated loss for individuals in high-risk occupations and university settings.Judith Pizarro AndersenRoxane Cohen SilverBrandon StewartBillie KoperwasClemens KirschbaumPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 9, p e75881 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Judith Pizarro Andersen Roxane Cohen Silver Brandon Stewart Billie Koperwas Clemens Kirschbaum Psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.
description	<h4>Objective</h4>Undergraduates at a university in the United States were exposed - directly and indirectly - to 14 peer deaths during one academic year. We examined how individual and social factors were associated with psychological (e.g., anxiety, depression, somatization) and physiological (i.e., cortisol) distress responses following this unexpected and repeated experience with loss.<h4>Method</h4>Two to three months after the final peer death, respondents (N = 122, 61% female, 18-23 years, M = 20.13, SD = 1.14) reported prior adverse experiences, degree of closeness with the deceased, acute responses to the peer deaths, ongoing distress responses, social support, support seeking, and media viewing. A subset (n = 24) returned hair samples for evaluation of cortisol responses during the previous 3 months.<h4>Results</h4>Ongoing psychological distress was associated with a) prior interpersonal trauma, b) fewer social supports, and c) media exposure to news of the deaths (p's<.05). Participants who had no prior bereavements showed, on average, high cortisol (>25 p/mg) compared to individuals with one or two prior bereavement experiences (who were, on average, within the normal range, 10 to 25 p/mg) (p<.05). Only 8% of the sample utilized available university psychological or physical health resources and support groups.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Limited research has examined the psychological and physiological impact of exposure to chronic, repeated peer loss, despite the fact that there are groups of individuals (e.g., police, military soldiers) that routinely face such exposures. Prior adversity appears to play a role in shaping psychological and physiological responses to repeated loss. This topic warrants further research given the health implications of repeated loss for individuals in high-risk occupations and university settings.
format	article
author	Judith Pizarro Andersen Roxane Cohen Silver Brandon Stewart Billie Koperwas Clemens Kirschbaum
author_facet	Judith Pizarro Andersen Roxane Cohen Silver Brandon Stewart Billie Koperwas Clemens Kirschbaum
author_sort	Judith Pizarro Andersen
title	Psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.
title_short	Psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.
title_full	Psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.
title_fullStr	Psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.
title_full_unstemmed	Psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.
title_sort	psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/849a962ecc814aaab7d11b1ef04fbfa7
work_keys_str_mv	AT judithpizarroandersen psychologicalandphysiologicalresponsesfollowingrepeatedpeerdeath AT roxanecohensilver psychologicalandphysiologicalresponsesfollowingrepeatedpeerdeath AT brandonstewart psychologicalandphysiologicalresponsesfollowingrepeatedpeerdeath AT billiekoperwas psychologicalandphysiologicalresponsesfollowingrepeatedpeerdeath AT clemenskirschbaum psychologicalandphysiologicalresponsesfollowingrepeatedpeerdeath
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Psychological and physiological responses following repeated peer death.

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