Nature-Based Units as Building Blocks for Resource Recovery Systems in Cities
Cities are producers of high quantities of secondary liquid and solid streams that are still poorly utilized within urban systems. In order to tackle this issue, there has been an ever-growing push for more efficient resource management and waste prevention in urban areas, following the concept of a...
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MDPI AG
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:84a71a8f6c6e40388c27c84e3863b8ff2021-11-25T19:14:50ZNature-Based Units as Building Blocks for Resource Recovery Systems in Cities10.3390/w132231532073-4441https://doaj.org/article/84a71a8f6c6e40388c27c84e3863b8ff2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3153https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Cities are producers of high quantities of secondary liquid and solid streams that are still poorly utilized within urban systems. In order to tackle this issue, there has been an ever-growing push for more efficient resource management and waste prevention in urban areas, following the concept of a circular economy. This review paper provides a characterization of urban solid and liquid resource flows (including water, nutrients, metals, potential energy, and organics), which pass through selected nature-based solutions (NBS) and supporting units (SU), expanding on that characterization through the study of existing cases. In particular, this paper presents the currently implemented NBS units for resource recovery, the applicable solid and liquid urban waste streams and the SU dedicated to increasing the quality and minimizing hazards of specific streams at the source level (e.g., concentrated fertilizers, disinfected recovered products). The recovery efficiency of systems, where NBS and SU are combined, operated at a micro- or meso-scale and applied at technology readiness levels higher than 5, is reviewed. The importance of collection and transport infrastructure, treatment and recovery technology, and (urban) agricultural or urban green reuse on the quantity and quality of input and output materials are discussed, also regarding the current main circularity and application challenges.Eric D. van HullebuschAida BaniMiguel CarvalhoZeynep CeteciogluBart De GussemeSara Di LonardoMaja DjolicMiriam van EekertTjaša Griessler BulcBerat Z. HaznedarogluDarja IsteničJohannes KisserPawel KrzeminskiSanna MelitaDolja PavlovaElżbieta PłazaAndreas SchoenbornGeraldine ThomasMentore VaccariMaria WirthMarco HartlGrietje ZeemanMDPI AGarticlecircularity challengesnature-based solutionssupporting unitsurban streamscircular citiesHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3153, p 3153 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
circularity challenges nature-based solutions supporting units urban streams circular cities Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 |
| spellingShingle |
circularity challenges nature-based solutions supporting units urban streams circular cities Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Eric D. van Hullebusch Aida Bani Miguel Carvalho Zeynep Cetecioglu Bart De Gusseme Sara Di Lonardo Maja Djolic Miriam van Eekert Tjaša Griessler Bulc Berat Z. Haznedaroglu Darja Istenič Johannes Kisser Pawel Krzeminski Sanna Melita Dolja Pavlova Elżbieta Płaza Andreas Schoenborn Geraldine Thomas Mentore Vaccari Maria Wirth Marco Hartl Grietje Zeeman Nature-Based Units as Building Blocks for Resource Recovery Systems in Cities |
| description |
Cities are producers of high quantities of secondary liquid and solid streams that are still poorly utilized within urban systems. In order to tackle this issue, there has been an ever-growing push for more efficient resource management and waste prevention in urban areas, following the concept of a circular economy. This review paper provides a characterization of urban solid and liquid resource flows (including water, nutrients, metals, potential energy, and organics), which pass through selected nature-based solutions (NBS) and supporting units (SU), expanding on that characterization through the study of existing cases. In particular, this paper presents the currently implemented NBS units for resource recovery, the applicable solid and liquid urban waste streams and the SU dedicated to increasing the quality and minimizing hazards of specific streams at the source level (e.g., concentrated fertilizers, disinfected recovered products). The recovery efficiency of systems, where NBS and SU are combined, operated at a micro- or meso-scale and applied at technology readiness levels higher than 5, is reviewed. The importance of collection and transport infrastructure, treatment and recovery technology, and (urban) agricultural or urban green reuse on the quantity and quality of input and output materials are discussed, also regarding the current main circularity and application challenges. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Eric D. van Hullebusch Aida Bani Miguel Carvalho Zeynep Cetecioglu Bart De Gusseme Sara Di Lonardo Maja Djolic Miriam van Eekert Tjaša Griessler Bulc Berat Z. Haznedaroglu Darja Istenič Johannes Kisser Pawel Krzeminski Sanna Melita Dolja Pavlova Elżbieta Płaza Andreas Schoenborn Geraldine Thomas Mentore Vaccari Maria Wirth Marco Hartl Grietje Zeeman |
| author_facet |
Eric D. van Hullebusch Aida Bani Miguel Carvalho Zeynep Cetecioglu Bart De Gusseme Sara Di Lonardo Maja Djolic Miriam van Eekert Tjaša Griessler Bulc Berat Z. Haznedaroglu Darja Istenič Johannes Kisser Pawel Krzeminski Sanna Melita Dolja Pavlova Elżbieta Płaza Andreas Schoenborn Geraldine Thomas Mentore Vaccari Maria Wirth Marco Hartl Grietje Zeeman |
| author_sort |
Eric D. van Hullebusch |
| title |
Nature-Based Units as Building Blocks for Resource Recovery Systems in Cities |
| title_short |
Nature-Based Units as Building Blocks for Resource Recovery Systems in Cities |
| title_full |
Nature-Based Units as Building Blocks for Resource Recovery Systems in Cities |
| title_fullStr |
Nature-Based Units as Building Blocks for Resource Recovery Systems in Cities |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Nature-Based Units as Building Blocks for Resource Recovery Systems in Cities |
| title_sort |
nature-based units as building blocks for resource recovery systems in cities |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/84a71a8f6c6e40388c27c84e3863b8ff |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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