Nature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness

Research shows that nature exposure is directly and indirectly associated with more positive body image, which is an important facet of well-being more generally. In this study, we tested the mediating roles of physical activity in nature, perceived restoration in nature, autonomous motivation, and...

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Autores principales:	Migle Baceviciene, Rasa Jankauskiene, Viren Swami
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nature exposure body appreciation physical activity in nature self-determination restoration connectedness to nature Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/84d4fb23f5d94440bf524452b4b93d64
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:84d4fb23f5d94440bf524452b4b93d642021-11-25T17:52:28ZNature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness10.3390/ijerph1822122461660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/84d4fb23f5d94440bf524452b4b93d642021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/12246https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Research shows that nature exposure is directly and indirectly associated with more positive body image, which is an important facet of well-being more generally. In this study, we tested the mediating roles of physical activity in nature, perceived restoration in nature, autonomous motivation, and connectedness to nature in explaining the association between nature exposure and positive body image. An online sample of 924 Lithuanian adults (age M = 40.0 years, 73.6% women) completed a survey that included the Nature Exposure (NE) Scale, the Body Appreciation Scale-2, a measure of frequency of physical activity in nature (PAN), the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2, the Restoration Outcome Scale, and the Connectedness to Nature Scale. Path analysis was conducted to examine hypothesized direct and indirect effects. Results showed that both greater NE (B = 0.564, SE = 0.057, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and autonomy in exercise motivation (B = 0.039, SE = 0.006, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were associated with more frequent PAN. Direct effects from exercise autonomy to nature restorativeness (B = 0.017, SE = 0.006, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and body appreciation (B = 0.041, SE = 0.004, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were observed. Associations were also found between connectedness to nature and body appreciation (B = 0.166, SE = 0.040, <i>p</i> < 0.001), nature restorativeness and body appreciation (B = 0.075, SE = 0.019, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and frequency of PAN and body appreciation (B = 0.064, SE = 0.019, <i>p</i> < 0.001). PAN mediated the relationship between NE and body appreciation. The final model was invariant across place of residence (urban vs. rural) and gender. Including self-determined physical activity in nature may increase the effectiveness of intervention programs aimed at promoting more positive body image.Migle BacevicieneRasa JankauskieneViren SwamiMDPI AGarticlenature exposurebody appreciationphysical activity in natureself-determinationrestorationconnectedness to natureMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 12246, p 12246 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nature exposure body appreciation physical activity in nature self-determination restoration connectedness to nature Medicine R
spellingShingle	nature exposure body appreciation physical activity in nature self-determination restoration connectedness to nature Medicine R Migle Baceviciene Rasa Jankauskiene Viren Swami Nature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness
description	Research shows that nature exposure is directly and indirectly associated with more positive body image, which is an important facet of well-being more generally. In this study, we tested the mediating roles of physical activity in nature, perceived restoration in nature, autonomous motivation, and connectedness to nature in explaining the association between nature exposure and positive body image. An online sample of 924 Lithuanian adults (age M = 40.0 years, 73.6% women) completed a survey that included the Nature Exposure (NE) Scale, the Body Appreciation Scale-2, a measure of frequency of physical activity in nature (PAN), the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2, the Restoration Outcome Scale, and the Connectedness to Nature Scale. Path analysis was conducted to examine hypothesized direct and indirect effects. Results showed that both greater NE (B = 0.564, SE = 0.057, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and autonomy in exercise motivation (B = 0.039, SE = 0.006, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were associated with more frequent PAN. Direct effects from exercise autonomy to nature restorativeness (B = 0.017, SE = 0.006, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and body appreciation (B = 0.041, SE = 0.004, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were observed. Associations were also found between connectedness to nature and body appreciation (B = 0.166, SE = 0.040, <i>p</i> < 0.001), nature restorativeness and body appreciation (B = 0.075, SE = 0.019, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and frequency of PAN and body appreciation (B = 0.064, SE = 0.019, <i>p</i> < 0.001). PAN mediated the relationship between NE and body appreciation. The final model was invariant across place of residence (urban vs. rural) and gender. Including self-determined physical activity in nature may increase the effectiveness of intervention programs aimed at promoting more positive body image.
format	article
author	Migle Baceviciene Rasa Jankauskiene Viren Swami
author_facet	Migle Baceviciene Rasa Jankauskiene Viren Swami
author_sort	Migle Baceviciene
title	Nature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness
title_short	Nature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness
title_full	Nature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness
title_fullStr	Nature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness
title_full_unstemmed	Nature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness
title_sort	nature exposure and positive body image: a cross–sectional study examining the mediating roles of physical activity, autonomous motivation, connectedness to nature, and perceived restorativeness
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/84d4fb23f5d94440bf524452b4b93d64
work_keys_str_mv	AT miglebaceviciene natureexposureandpositivebodyimageacrosssectionalstudyexaminingthemediatingrolesofphysicalactivityautonomousmotivationconnectednesstonatureandperceivedrestorativeness AT rasajankauskiene natureexposureandpositivebodyimageacrosssectionalstudyexaminingthemediatingrolesofphysicalactivityautonomousmotivationconnectednesstonatureandperceivedrestorativeness AT virenswami natureexposureandpositivebodyimageacrosssectionalstudyexaminingthemediatingrolesofphysicalactivityautonomousmotivationconnectednesstonatureandperceivedrestorativeness
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Nature Exposure and Positive Body Image: A Cross–Sectional Study Examining the Mediating Roles of Physical Activity, Autonomous Motivation, Connectedness to Nature, and Perceived Restorativeness

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