Constitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass
Abstract Pyridine alkaloids produced in tobacco can react with nitrosating agents such as nitrite to form tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), which are among the most notable toxicants present in tobacco smoke. The market type known as burley tobacco is particularly susceptible to TSNA formation b...
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Nature Portfolio
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:84f708b815a3414c82d65b81abadec3c2021-12-02T14:03:57ZConstitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass10.1038/s41598-021-83797-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/84f708b815a3414c82d65b81abadec3c2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83797-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Pyridine alkaloids produced in tobacco can react with nitrosating agents such as nitrite to form tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), which are among the most notable toxicants present in tobacco smoke. The market type known as burley tobacco is particularly susceptible to TSNA formation because its corresponding cultivars exhibit a nitrogen-use-deficiency phenotype which results in high accumulation of nitrate, which, in turn, is converted to nitrite by leaf surface microbes. We have previously shown that expression of a constitutively activated nitrate reductase (NR) enzyme dramatically decreases leaf nitrate levels in burley tobacco, resulting in substantial TSNA reductions without altering the alkaloid profile. Here, we show that plants expressing a constitutively active NR construct, designated 35S:S523D-NR, display an early-flowering phenotype that is also associated with a substantial reduction in plant biomass. We hypothesized that crossing 35S:S523D-NR tobaccos with burley cultivars that flower later than normal would help mitigate the undesirable early-flowering/reduced-biomass traits while maintaining the desirable low-nitrate/TSNA phenotype. To test this, 35S:S523D-NR plants were crossed with two late-flowering cultivars, NC 775 and NC 645WZ. In both cases, the plant biomass at harvest was restored to levels similar to those in the original cultivar used for transformation while the low-nitrate/TSNA trait was maintained. Interestingly, the mechanism by which yield was restored differed markedly between the two crosses. Biomass restoration in F1 hybrids using NC 645WZ as a parent was associated with delayed flowering, as originally hypothesized. Unexpectedly, however, crosses with NC 775 displayed enhanced biomass despite maintaining the early-flowering trait of the 35S:S523D-NR parent.Jianli LuNiharika N. ChandrakanthRamsey S. LewisKaren AndresLucien BovetSimon GoepfertRalph E. DeweyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q Jianli Lu Niharika N. Chandrakanth Ramsey S. Lewis Karen Andres Lucien Bovet Simon Goepfert Ralph E. Dewey Constitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass |
description |
Abstract Pyridine alkaloids produced in tobacco can react with nitrosating agents such as nitrite to form tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), which are among the most notable toxicants present in tobacco smoke. The market type known as burley tobacco is particularly susceptible to TSNA formation because its corresponding cultivars exhibit a nitrogen-use-deficiency phenotype which results in high accumulation of nitrate, which, in turn, is converted to nitrite by leaf surface microbes. We have previously shown that expression of a constitutively activated nitrate reductase (NR) enzyme dramatically decreases leaf nitrate levels in burley tobacco, resulting in substantial TSNA reductions without altering the alkaloid profile. Here, we show that plants expressing a constitutively active NR construct, designated 35S:S523D-NR, display an early-flowering phenotype that is also associated with a substantial reduction in plant biomass. We hypothesized that crossing 35S:S523D-NR tobaccos with burley cultivars that flower later than normal would help mitigate the undesirable early-flowering/reduced-biomass traits while maintaining the desirable low-nitrate/TSNA phenotype. To test this, 35S:S523D-NR plants were crossed with two late-flowering cultivars, NC 775 and NC 645WZ. In both cases, the plant biomass at harvest was restored to levels similar to those in the original cultivar used for transformation while the low-nitrate/TSNA trait was maintained. Interestingly, the mechanism by which yield was restored differed markedly between the two crosses. Biomass restoration in F1 hybrids using NC 645WZ as a parent was associated with delayed flowering, as originally hypothesized. Unexpectedly, however, crosses with NC 775 displayed enhanced biomass despite maintaining the early-flowering trait of the 35S:S523D-NR parent. |
format |
article |
author |
Jianli Lu Niharika N. Chandrakanth Ramsey S. Lewis Karen Andres Lucien Bovet Simon Goepfert Ralph E. Dewey |
author_facet |
Jianli Lu Niharika N. Chandrakanth Ramsey S. Lewis Karen Andres Lucien Bovet Simon Goepfert Ralph E. Dewey |
author_sort |
Jianli Lu |
title |
Constitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass |
title_short |
Constitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass |
title_full |
Constitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass |
title_fullStr |
Constitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass |
title_full_unstemmed |
Constitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass |
title_sort |
constitutive activation of nitrate reductase in tobacco alters flowering time and plant biomass |
publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/84f708b815a3414c82d65b81abadec3c |
work_keys_str_mv |
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_version_ |
1718392032010960896 |