Specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

Abstract The dopamine partial agonist aripiprazole is increasingly used to treat pathologies for which other antipsychotics are indicated because it displays fewer side effects, such as sedation and depression-like symptoms, than other dopamine receptor antagonists. Previously, we showed that aripip...

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Autores principales:	Alexandre Salvador, Yulia Worbe, Cécile Delorme, Giorgio Coricelli, Raphaël Gaillard, Trevor W. Robbins, Andreas Hartmann, Stefano Palminteri
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/84f75f853f8449c68cf25317c55a8ed1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:84f75f853f8449c68cf25317c55a8ed12021-12-02T15:05:59ZSpecific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome10.1038/s41598-017-06547-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/84f75f853f8449c68cf25317c55a8ed12017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06547-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The dopamine partial agonist aripiprazole is increasingly used to treat pathologies for which other antipsychotics are indicated because it displays fewer side effects, such as sedation and depression-like symptoms, than other dopamine receptor antagonists. Previously, we showed that aripiprazole may protect motivational function by preserving reinforcement-related signals used to sustain reward-maximization. However, the effect of aripiprazole on more cognitive facets of human reinforcement learning, such as learning from the forgone outcomes of alternative courses of action (i.e., counterfactual learning), is unknown. To test the influence of aripiprazole on counterfactual learning, we administered a reinforcement learning task that involves both direct learning from obtained outcomes and indirect learning from forgone outcomes to two groups of Gilles de la Tourette (GTS) patients, one consisting of patients who were completely unmedicated and the other consisting of patients who were receiving aripiprazole monotherapy, and to healthy subjects. We found that whereas learning performance improved in the presence of counterfactual feedback in both healthy controls and unmedicated GTS patients, this was not the case in aripiprazole-medicated GTS patients. Our results suggest that whereas aripiprazole preserves direct learning of action-outcome associations, it may impair more complex inferential processes, such as counterfactual learning from forgone outcomes, in GTS patients treated with this medication.Alexandre SalvadorYulia WorbeCécile DelormeGiorgio CoricelliRaphaël GaillardTrevor W. RobbinsAndreas HartmannStefano PalminteriNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alexandre Salvador Yulia Worbe Cécile Delorme Giorgio Coricelli Raphaël Gaillard Trevor W. Robbins Andreas Hartmann Stefano Palminteri Specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
description	Abstract The dopamine partial agonist aripiprazole is increasingly used to treat pathologies for which other antipsychotics are indicated because it displays fewer side effects, such as sedation and depression-like symptoms, than other dopamine receptor antagonists. Previously, we showed that aripiprazole may protect motivational function by preserving reinforcement-related signals used to sustain reward-maximization. However, the effect of aripiprazole on more cognitive facets of human reinforcement learning, such as learning from the forgone outcomes of alternative courses of action (i.e., counterfactual learning), is unknown. To test the influence of aripiprazole on counterfactual learning, we administered a reinforcement learning task that involves both direct learning from obtained outcomes and indirect learning from forgone outcomes to two groups of Gilles de la Tourette (GTS) patients, one consisting of patients who were completely unmedicated and the other consisting of patients who were receiving aripiprazole monotherapy, and to healthy subjects. We found that whereas learning performance improved in the presence of counterfactual feedback in both healthy controls and unmedicated GTS patients, this was not the case in aripiprazole-medicated GTS patients. Our results suggest that whereas aripiprazole preserves direct learning of action-outcome associations, it may impair more complex inferential processes, such as counterfactual learning from forgone outcomes, in GTS patients treated with this medication.
format	article
author	Alexandre Salvador Yulia Worbe Cécile Delorme Giorgio Coricelli Raphaël Gaillard Trevor W. Robbins Andreas Hartmann Stefano Palminteri
author_facet	Alexandre Salvador Yulia Worbe Cécile Delorme Giorgio Coricelli Raphaël Gaillard Trevor W. Robbins Andreas Hartmann Stefano Palminteri
author_sort	Alexandre Salvador
title	Specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
title_short	Specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
title_full	Specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
title_fullStr	Specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
title_full_unstemmed	Specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
title_sort	specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from gilles de la tourette syndrome
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/84f75f853f8449c68cf25317c55a8ed1
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Specific effect of a dopamine partial agonist on counterfactual learning: evidence from Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

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