On the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.

The exact origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease remains unknown. We explain why the existing data converge on the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop as a tremor generator and consider a conductance-based model of subthalamo-pallidal circuits embedded into a simplified representation of the b...

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Autores principales:	Andrey Dovzhenok, Leonid L Rubchinsky
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/84fa6cfaa212467cb44c4501a85bcb73
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:84fa6cfaa212467cb44c4501a85bcb732021-11-18T07:10:43ZOn the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0041598https://doaj.org/article/84fa6cfaa212467cb44c4501a85bcb732012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22848541/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The exact origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease remains unknown. We explain why the existing data converge on the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop as a tremor generator and consider a conductance-based model of subthalamo-pallidal circuits embedded into a simplified representation of the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuit to investigate the dynamics of this loop. We show how variation of the strength of dopamine-modulated connections in the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop (representing the decreasing dopamine level in Parkinson's disease) leads to the occurrence of tremor-like burst firing. These tremor-like oscillations are suppressed when the connections are modulated back to represent a higher dopamine level (as it would be the case in dopaminergic therapy), as well as when the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop is broken (as would be the case for ablative anti-parkinsonian surgeries). Thus, the proposed model provides an explanation for the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop mechanism of tremor generation. The strengthening of the loop leads to tremor oscillations, while the weakening or disconnection of the loop suppresses them. The loop origin of parkinsonian tremor also suggests that new tremor-suppression therapies may have anatomical targets in different cortical and subcortical areas as long as they are within the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop.Andrey DovzhenokLeonid L RubchinskyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e41598 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Andrey Dovzhenok Leonid L Rubchinsky On the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.
description	The exact origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease remains unknown. We explain why the existing data converge on the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop as a tremor generator and consider a conductance-based model of subthalamo-pallidal circuits embedded into a simplified representation of the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuit to investigate the dynamics of this loop. We show how variation of the strength of dopamine-modulated connections in the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop (representing the decreasing dopamine level in Parkinson's disease) leads to the occurrence of tremor-like burst firing. These tremor-like oscillations are suppressed when the connections are modulated back to represent a higher dopamine level (as it would be the case in dopaminergic therapy), as well as when the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop is broken (as would be the case for ablative anti-parkinsonian surgeries). Thus, the proposed model provides an explanation for the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop mechanism of tremor generation. The strengthening of the loop leads to tremor oscillations, while the weakening or disconnection of the loop suppresses them. The loop origin of parkinsonian tremor also suggests that new tremor-suppression therapies may have anatomical targets in different cortical and subcortical areas as long as they are within the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop.
format	article
author	Andrey Dovzhenok Leonid L Rubchinsky
author_facet	Andrey Dovzhenok Leonid L Rubchinsky
author_sort	Andrey Dovzhenok
title	On the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.
title_short	On the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.
title_full	On the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.
title_fullStr	On the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.
title_full_unstemmed	On the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.
title_sort	on the origin of tremor in parkinson's disease.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/84fa6cfaa212467cb44c4501a85bcb73
work_keys_str_mv	AT andreydovzhenok ontheoriginoftremorinparkinsonsdisease AT leonidlrubchinsky ontheoriginoftremorinparkinsonsdisease
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On the origin of tremor in Parkinson's disease.

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