Risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.

<h4>Objective</h4>Estimate the seroprevalence of influenza A virus in various commercial poultry farms and evaluate specific risk factors as well as analyze their genetic nature using molecular assays.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>This report summarizes the findings of a nati...

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Autores principales:	Wafa Tombari, Mathilde Paul, Jihene Bettaieb, Imen Larbi, Jihene Nsiri, Imen Elbehi, Latifa Gribaa, Abdeljelil Ghram
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/852493fc414646cabbbc9e02f750a0f1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:852493fc414646cabbbc9e02f750a0f12021-11-18T08:01:50ZRisk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0053524https://doaj.org/article/852493fc414646cabbbc9e02f750a0f12013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23326449/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objective</h4>Estimate the seroprevalence of influenza A virus in various commercial poultry farms and evaluate specific risk factors as well as analyze their genetic nature using molecular assays.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>This report summarizes the findings of a national survey realized from October 2010 to May 2011 on 800 flocks in 20 governorates. Serum samples were screened for the presence of specific influenza virus antibodies using cELISA test. Additionally, swab samples were tested by real time and conventional RT-PCR and compared with results obtained by others assays. Phylogenetic and genetic analyses of the glycoproteins were established for some strains.<h4>Results</h4>Out of the 800 chicken and turkey flocks tested by cELISA, 223 showed positive anti-NP antibodies (28.7%, 95% CI: 25.6-32.1). Significantly higher seroprevalence was found among the coastal areas compared to inland and during the autumn and winter. Broiler flocks showed significantly lower seroprevalence than layers and broiler breeders. The influenza virus infection prevalence increased after the laying phase among layer flocks. In addition, AIV seropositivity was significantly associated with low biosecurity measures. The Ag EIA and rRT-PCR tests revealed significantly higher numbers of AI positive samples as compared to cell cultures or egg inoculation. All new strains were subtyped as H9N2 by real time and conventional RT-PCR. Drift mutations, addition or deletion of glycosylation sites were likely to have occurred in the HA and NA glycoproteins of Tunisian strains resulting in multiple new amino acid substitutions. This fact may reflect different evolutionary pressures affecting these glycoproteins. The role of these newly detected substitutions should be tested.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings highlight the potential risk of AIV to avian health. Strict enforcement of biosecurity measures and possible vaccination of all poultry flocks with continuous monitoring of poultry stations may ensure reduction of AIV prevalence and avoid emergence of more pathogenic strains.Wafa TombariMathilde PaulJihene BettaiebImen LarbiJihene NsiriImen ElbehiLatifa GribaaAbdeljelil GhramPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e53524 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Wafa Tombari Mathilde Paul Jihene Bettaieb Imen Larbi Jihene Nsiri Imen Elbehi Latifa Gribaa Abdeljelil Ghram Risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.
description	<h4>Objective</h4>Estimate the seroprevalence of influenza A virus in various commercial poultry farms and evaluate specific risk factors as well as analyze their genetic nature using molecular assays.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>This report summarizes the findings of a national survey realized from October 2010 to May 2011 on 800 flocks in 20 governorates. Serum samples were screened for the presence of specific influenza virus antibodies using cELISA test. Additionally, swab samples were tested by real time and conventional RT-PCR and compared with results obtained by others assays. Phylogenetic and genetic analyses of the glycoproteins were established for some strains.<h4>Results</h4>Out of the 800 chicken and turkey flocks tested by cELISA, 223 showed positive anti-NP antibodies (28.7%, 95% CI: 25.6-32.1). Significantly higher seroprevalence was found among the coastal areas compared to inland and during the autumn and winter. Broiler flocks showed significantly lower seroprevalence than layers and broiler breeders. The influenza virus infection prevalence increased after the laying phase among layer flocks. In addition, AIV seropositivity was significantly associated with low biosecurity measures. The Ag EIA and rRT-PCR tests revealed significantly higher numbers of AI positive samples as compared to cell cultures or egg inoculation. All new strains were subtyped as H9N2 by real time and conventional RT-PCR. Drift mutations, addition or deletion of glycosylation sites were likely to have occurred in the HA and NA glycoproteins of Tunisian strains resulting in multiple new amino acid substitutions. This fact may reflect different evolutionary pressures affecting these glycoproteins. The role of these newly detected substitutions should be tested.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings highlight the potential risk of AIV to avian health. Strict enforcement of biosecurity measures and possible vaccination of all poultry flocks with continuous monitoring of poultry stations may ensure reduction of AIV prevalence and avoid emergence of more pathogenic strains.
format	article
author	Wafa Tombari Mathilde Paul Jihene Bettaieb Imen Larbi Jihene Nsiri Imen Elbehi Latifa Gribaa Abdeljelil Ghram
author_facet	Wafa Tombari Mathilde Paul Jihene Bettaieb Imen Larbi Jihene Nsiri Imen Elbehi Latifa Gribaa Abdeljelil Ghram
author_sort	Wafa Tombari
title	Risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.
title_short	Risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.
title_full	Risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.
title_fullStr	Risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.
title_full_unstemmed	Risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.
title_sort	risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in tunisia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/852493fc414646cabbbc9e02f750a0f1
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_version_	1718422613381873664

Risk factors and characteristics of low pathogenic avian influenza virus isolated from commercial poultry in Tunisia.

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