Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Considering a steady increase in the number of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (allo-HSCT) worldwide and the significant proportion of the world’s population that has been exposed to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HBV reactivation following allo-HSCT remains an important issu...

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Autores principales:	Yi-Chang Liu, Chi-Mu Hsu, Samuel Yien Hsiao, Hui-Hua Hsiao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	hepatitis B virus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation reactivation prophylaxis nucleoside analogues nucleotide analogues Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/85520f8d80ce427c9679bcc09f369328
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:85520f8d80ce427c9679bcc09f3693282021-11-25T18:07:16ZHepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation10.3390/jpm111111082075-4426https://doaj.org/article/85520f8d80ce427c9679bcc09f3693282021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1108https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4426Considering a steady increase in the number of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (allo-HSCT) worldwide and the significant proportion of the world’s population that has been exposed to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HBV reactivation following allo-HSCT remains an important issue for post-transplant morbidity and mortality. Antiviral prophylaxis can reduce HBV replication, severity of HBV-related hepatitis, and mortality; therefore, identification of patients at risk is crucial. It is recommended that all recipients and donors should be screened for active or prior HBV infection, including HBsAg, antiHBc, and antiHBs. Adoptive immunity transfer from the donor seems to have protective effects against HBV reactivation. Antiviral prophylaxis should be initiated in all HBsAg-positive patients. HBsAg-negative, antiHBc-positive patients remain at risk; therefore, antiviral prophylaxis should be considered if baseline serum HBV DNA is detectable. In HBsAg-negative, antiHBc-positive patients without detectable HBV DNA, close monitoring of viral load with an on-demand therapy is necessary. Entecavir or tenofovir rather than lamivudine are more appropriate for the emergence of lamivudine resistance. The treatment duration remains unclear, with 6- to 12-month therapy after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy commonly recommended. Here we review the updated evidence and recent recommendations regarding HBV reactivation in patients undergoing allo-HSCT for individualized therapy.Yi-Chang LiuChi-Mu HsuSamuel Yien HsiaoHui-Hua HsiaoMDPI AGarticlehepatitis B virushematopoietic stem cell transplantationreactivationprophylaxisnucleoside analoguesnucleotide analoguesMedicineRENJournal of Personalized Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1108, p 1108 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hepatitis B virus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation reactivation prophylaxis nucleoside analogues nucleotide analogues Medicine R
spellingShingle	hepatitis B virus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation reactivation prophylaxis nucleoside analogues nucleotide analogues Medicine R Yi-Chang Liu Chi-Mu Hsu Samuel Yien Hsiao Hui-Hua Hsiao Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
description	Considering a steady increase in the number of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (allo-HSCT) worldwide and the significant proportion of the world’s population that has been exposed to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HBV reactivation following allo-HSCT remains an important issue for post-transplant morbidity and mortality. Antiviral prophylaxis can reduce HBV replication, severity of HBV-related hepatitis, and mortality; therefore, identification of patients at risk is crucial. It is recommended that all recipients and donors should be screened for active or prior HBV infection, including HBsAg, antiHBc, and antiHBs. Adoptive immunity transfer from the donor seems to have protective effects against HBV reactivation. Antiviral prophylaxis should be initiated in all HBsAg-positive patients. HBsAg-negative, antiHBc-positive patients remain at risk; therefore, antiviral prophylaxis should be considered if baseline serum HBV DNA is detectable. In HBsAg-negative, antiHBc-positive patients without detectable HBV DNA, close monitoring of viral load with an on-demand therapy is necessary. Entecavir or tenofovir rather than lamivudine are more appropriate for the emergence of lamivudine resistance. The treatment duration remains unclear, with 6- to 12-month therapy after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy commonly recommended. Here we review the updated evidence and recent recommendations regarding HBV reactivation in patients undergoing allo-HSCT for individualized therapy.
format	article
author	Yi-Chang Liu Chi-Mu Hsu Samuel Yien Hsiao Hui-Hua Hsiao
author_facet	Yi-Chang Liu Chi-Mu Hsu Samuel Yien Hsiao Hui-Hua Hsiao
author_sort	Yi-Chang Liu
title	Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
title_short	Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
title_full	Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
title_fullStr	Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
title_full_unstemmed	Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
title_sort	hepatitis b virus infection in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/85520f8d80ce427c9679bcc09f369328
work_keys_str_mv	AT yichangliu hepatitisbvirusinfectioninpatientsreceivingallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantation AT chimuhsu hepatitisbvirusinfectioninpatientsreceivingallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantation AT samuelyienhsiao hepatitisbvirusinfectioninpatientsreceivingallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantation AT huihuahsiao hepatitisbvirusinfectioninpatientsreceivingallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantation
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Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

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