Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish

Abstract Age-related systemic environments influence neurogenesis and organ regeneration of heterochronic parabiotic partners; however, the difficulty of manipulating small embryos prevents the effects of aged systemic environments on primitive organs at the developmental stage from being analysed....

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Autores principales:	Toshihiro Kawasaki, Akiteru Maeno, Toshihiko Shiroishi, Noriyoshi Sakai
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/855a2097636b48458bd83a89343a5a2b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:855a2097636b48458bd83a89343a5a2b2021-12-02T15:05:24ZDevelopment and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish10.1038/s41598-017-16642-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/855a2097636b48458bd83a89343a5a2b2017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16642-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Age-related systemic environments influence neurogenesis and organ regeneration of heterochronic parabiotic partners; however, the difficulty of manipulating small embryos prevents the effects of aged systemic environments on primitive organs at the developmental stage from being analysed. Here, we describe a novel transplantation system to support whole living embryos/larvae as grafts in immunodeficient zebrafish by the intrusion of host blood vessels into the grafts, allowing bodies similar to those of heterochronic parabiosis to be generated by subcutaneous grafting. Although grafted embryos/larvae formed most organs, not all organogenesis was supported equally; although the brain, eyes and the intestine usually developed, the liver, testes and heart developed insufficiently or even occasionally disappeared. Removal of host germ cells stimulated testis development in grafted embryos. These results indicate that primitive testes are susceptible to the systemic environments that originated from the germ cells of aged hosts and imply that the primitive liver and heart are similar. Upon applying this method to embryonic lethal mutants, various types of organs, including testes that developed in germ-cell-removed recipients, and viable offspring were obtained from the mutants. This unique transplantation system will lead to new insights into the age-related systemic environments that are crucial for organogenesis in vertebrates.Toshihiro KawasakiAkiteru MaenoToshihiko ShiroishiNoriyoshi SakaiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Toshihiro Kawasaki Akiteru Maeno Toshihiko Shiroishi Noriyoshi Sakai Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish
description	Abstract Age-related systemic environments influence neurogenesis and organ regeneration of heterochronic parabiotic partners; however, the difficulty of manipulating small embryos prevents the effects of aged systemic environments on primitive organs at the developmental stage from being analysed. Here, we describe a novel transplantation system to support whole living embryos/larvae as grafts in immunodeficient zebrafish by the intrusion of host blood vessels into the grafts, allowing bodies similar to those of heterochronic parabiosis to be generated by subcutaneous grafting. Although grafted embryos/larvae formed most organs, not all organogenesis was supported equally; although the brain, eyes and the intestine usually developed, the liver, testes and heart developed insufficiently or even occasionally disappeared. Removal of host germ cells stimulated testis development in grafted embryos. These results indicate that primitive testes are susceptible to the systemic environments that originated from the germ cells of aged hosts and imply that the primitive liver and heart are similar. Upon applying this method to embryonic lethal mutants, various types of organs, including testes that developed in germ-cell-removed recipients, and viable offspring were obtained from the mutants. This unique transplantation system will lead to new insights into the age-related systemic environments that are crucial for organogenesis in vertebrates.
format	article
author	Toshihiro Kawasaki Akiteru Maeno Toshihiko Shiroishi Noriyoshi Sakai
author_facet	Toshihiro Kawasaki Akiteru Maeno Toshihiko Shiroishi Noriyoshi Sakai
author_sort	Toshihiro Kawasaki
title	Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish
title_short	Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish
title_full	Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish
title_fullStr	Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish
title_full_unstemmed	Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish
title_sort	development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/855a2097636b48458bd83a89343a5a2b
work_keys_str_mv	AT toshihirokawasaki developmentandgrowthoforgansinlivingwholeembryoandlarvalgraftsinzebrafish AT akiterumaeno developmentandgrowthoforgansinlivingwholeembryoandlarvalgraftsinzebrafish AT toshihikoshiroishi developmentandgrowthoforgansinlivingwholeembryoandlarvalgraftsinzebrafish AT noriyoshisakai developmentandgrowthoforgansinlivingwholeembryoandlarvalgraftsinzebrafish
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Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish

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