Multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism

Abstract Although empathy impairments have been reported in autistic individuals, there is no clear consensus on how emotional valence influences this multidimensional process. In this study, we use the Multifaceted Empathy Test for juveniles (MET-J) to interrogate emotional and cognitive empathy in...

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Autores principales:	Jennifer M. Quinde-Zlibut, Zachary J. Williams, Madison Gerdes, Lisa E. Mash, Brynna H. Heflin, Carissa Cascio
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/858a9e6c767343369bd9e67bb01d425a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:858a9e6c767343369bd9e67bb01d425a2021-12-02T18:51:35ZMultifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism10.1038/s41598-021-98516-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/858a9e6c767343369bd9e67bb01d425a2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98516-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Although empathy impairments have been reported in autistic individuals, there is no clear consensus on how emotional valence influences this multidimensional process. In this study, we use the Multifaceted Empathy Test for juveniles (MET-J) to interrogate emotional and cognitive empathy in 184 participants (ages 8–59 years, 83 autistic) under the robust Bayesian inference framework. Group comparisons demonstrate previously unreported interaction effects between: (1) valence and autism diagnosis in predictions of emotional resonance, and (2) valence and age group in predictions of arousal to images portraying positive and negative facial expressions. These results extend previous studies using the MET by examining differential effects of emotional valence in a large sample of autistic children and adults with average or above-average intelligence. We report impaired cognitive empathy in autism, and subtle differences in emotional empathy characterized by less distinction between emotional resonance to positive vs. negative facial expressions in autism compared to neurotypicals. Reduced emotional differentiation between positive and negative affect in others could be a mechanism for diminished social reciprocity that poses a universal challenge for people with autism. These component- and valence- specific findings are of clinical relevance for the development and implementation of target-specific social interventions in autism.Jennifer M. Quinde-ZlibutZachary J. WilliamsMadison GerdesLisa E. MashBrynna H. HeflinCarissa CascioNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jennifer M. Quinde-Zlibut Zachary J. Williams Madison Gerdes Lisa E. Mash Brynna H. Heflin Carissa Cascio Multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism
description	Abstract Although empathy impairments have been reported in autistic individuals, there is no clear consensus on how emotional valence influences this multidimensional process. In this study, we use the Multifaceted Empathy Test for juveniles (MET-J) to interrogate emotional and cognitive empathy in 184 participants (ages 8–59 years, 83 autistic) under the robust Bayesian inference framework. Group comparisons demonstrate previously unreported interaction effects between: (1) valence and autism diagnosis in predictions of emotional resonance, and (2) valence and age group in predictions of arousal to images portraying positive and negative facial expressions. These results extend previous studies using the MET by examining differential effects of emotional valence in a large sample of autistic children and adults with average or above-average intelligence. We report impaired cognitive empathy in autism, and subtle differences in emotional empathy characterized by less distinction between emotional resonance to positive vs. negative facial expressions in autism compared to neurotypicals. Reduced emotional differentiation between positive and negative affect in others could be a mechanism for diminished social reciprocity that poses a universal challenge for people with autism. These component- and valence- specific findings are of clinical relevance for the development and implementation of target-specific social interventions in autism.
format	article
author	Jennifer M. Quinde-Zlibut Zachary J. Williams Madison Gerdes Lisa E. Mash Brynna H. Heflin Carissa Cascio
author_facet	Jennifer M. Quinde-Zlibut Zachary J. Williams Madison Gerdes Lisa E. Mash Brynna H. Heflin Carissa Cascio
author_sort	Jennifer M. Quinde-Zlibut
title	Multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism
title_short	Multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism
title_full	Multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism
title_fullStr	Multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism
title_full_unstemmed	Multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism
title_sort	multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/858a9e6c767343369bd9e67bb01d425a
work_keys_str_mv	AT jennifermquindezlibut multifacetedempathydifferencesinchildrenandadultswithautism AT zacharyjwilliams multifacetedempathydifferencesinchildrenandadultswithautism AT madisongerdes multifacetedempathydifferencesinchildrenandadultswithautism AT lisaemash multifacetedempathydifferencesinchildrenandadultswithautism AT brynnahheflin multifacetedempathydifferencesinchildrenandadultswithautism AT carissacascio multifacetedempathydifferencesinchildrenandadultswithautism
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Multifaceted empathy differences in children and adults with autism

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