Taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.

<h4>Background</h4>Allelopathy (negative, plant-plant chemical interactions) has been largely studied as an autecological process, often assuming simplistic associations between pairs of isolated species. The growth inhibition of a species in filter paper bioassay enriched with a single...

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Autores principales:	Harleen Kaur, Rajwant Kaur, Surinder Kaur, Ian T Baldwin, Inderjit
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/859a62a6271946afb26d8a4707015ef7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:859a62a6271946afb26d8a4707015ef72021-11-25T06:16:47ZTaking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0004700https://doaj.org/article/859a62a6271946afb26d8a4707015ef72009-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19277112/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Allelopathy (negative, plant-plant chemical interactions) has been largely studied as an autecological process, often assuming simplistic associations between pairs of isolated species. The growth inhibition of a species in filter paper bioassay enriched with a single chemical is commonly interpreted as evidence of an allelopathic interaction, but for some of these putative examples of allelopathy, the results have not been verifiable in more natural settings with plants growing in soil.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>On the basis of filter paper bioassay, a recent study established allelopathic effects of m-tyrosine, a component of root exudates of Festuca rubra ssp. commutata. We re-examined the allelopathic effects of m-tyrosine to understand its dynamics in soil environment. Allelopathic potential of m-tyrosine with filter paper and soil (non-sterile or sterile) bioassays was studied using Lactuca sativa, Phalaris minor and Bambusa arundinacea as assay species. Experimental application of m-tyrosine to non-sterile and sterile soil revealed the impact of soil microbial communities in determining the soil concentration of m-tyrosine and growth responses.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Here, we show that the allelopathic effects of m-tyrosine, which could be seen in sterilized soil with particular plant species were significantly diminished when non-sterile soil was used, which points to an important role for rhizosphere-specific and bulk soil microbial activity in determining the outcome of this allelopathic interaction. Our data show that the amounts of m-tyrosine required for root growth inhibition were higher than what would normally be found in F. rubra ssp. commutata rhizosphere. We hope that our study will motivate researchers to integrate the role of soil microbial communities in bioassays in allelopathic research so that its importance in plant-plant competitive interactions can be thoroughly evaluated.Harleen KaurRajwant KaurSurinder KaurIan T BaldwinInderjitPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 3, p e4700 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Harleen Kaur Rajwant Kaur Surinder Kaur Ian T Baldwin Inderjit Taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Allelopathy (negative, plant-plant chemical interactions) has been largely studied as an autecological process, often assuming simplistic associations between pairs of isolated species. The growth inhibition of a species in filter paper bioassay enriched with a single chemical is commonly interpreted as evidence of an allelopathic interaction, but for some of these putative examples of allelopathy, the results have not been verifiable in more natural settings with plants growing in soil.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>On the basis of filter paper bioassay, a recent study established allelopathic effects of m-tyrosine, a component of root exudates of Festuca rubra ssp. commutata. We re-examined the allelopathic effects of m-tyrosine to understand its dynamics in soil environment. Allelopathic potential of m-tyrosine with filter paper and soil (non-sterile or sterile) bioassays was studied using Lactuca sativa, Phalaris minor and Bambusa arundinacea as assay species. Experimental application of m-tyrosine to non-sterile and sterile soil revealed the impact of soil microbial communities in determining the soil concentration of m-tyrosine and growth responses.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Here, we show that the allelopathic effects of m-tyrosine, which could be seen in sterilized soil with particular plant species were significantly diminished when non-sterile soil was used, which points to an important role for rhizosphere-specific and bulk soil microbial activity in determining the outcome of this allelopathic interaction. Our data show that the amounts of m-tyrosine required for root growth inhibition were higher than what would normally be found in F. rubra ssp. commutata rhizosphere. We hope that our study will motivate researchers to integrate the role of soil microbial communities in bioassays in allelopathic research so that its importance in plant-plant competitive interactions can be thoroughly evaluated.
format	article
author	Harleen Kaur Rajwant Kaur Surinder Kaur Ian T Baldwin Inderjit
author_facet	Harleen Kaur Rajwant Kaur Surinder Kaur Ian T Baldwin Inderjit
author_sort	Harleen Kaur
title	Taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.
title_short	Taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.
title_full	Taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.
title_fullStr	Taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.
title_full_unstemmed	Taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.
title_sort	taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/859a62a6271946afb26d8a4707015ef7
work_keys_str_mv	AT harleenkaur takingecologicalfunctionseriouslysoilmicrobialcommunitiescanobviateallelopathiceffectsofreleasedmetabolites AT rajwantkaur takingecologicalfunctionseriouslysoilmicrobialcommunitiescanobviateallelopathiceffectsofreleasedmetabolites AT surinderkaur takingecologicalfunctionseriouslysoilmicrobialcommunitiescanobviateallelopathiceffectsofreleasedmetabolites AT iantbaldwin takingecologicalfunctionseriouslysoilmicrobialcommunitiescanobviateallelopathiceffectsofreleasedmetabolites AT inderjit takingecologicalfunctionseriouslysoilmicrobialcommunitiescanobviateallelopathiceffectsofreleasedmetabolites
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Taking ecological function seriously: soil microbial communities can obviate allelopathic effects of released metabolites.

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