Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition

A novel thermo-responsive catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes under mild reaction condition was devised. To prepare the catalyst, a thermo-responsive polymer was first synthesized through the co-polymerization of <i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide and allylamine and then covalently g...

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Autores principales:	Neda Abedian-Dehaghani, Majid M. Heravi, Samahe Sadjadi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	heterogeneous catalyst perlite thermo-responsive polymer hydrogenation Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/859c7c97be9e40a793937a67d1c4e09a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:859c7c97be9e40a793937a67d1c4e09a2021-11-25T17:06:00ZPd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition10.3390/catal111113342073-4344https://doaj.org/article/859c7c97be9e40a793937a67d1c4e09a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/11/1334https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4344A novel thermo-responsive catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes under mild reaction condition was devised. To prepare the catalyst, a thermo-responsive polymer was first synthesized through the co-polymerization of <i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide and allylamine and then covalently grafted on the Cl-functionalized perlite. The resulting composite was subsequently utilized as a support for the stabilization of Pd nanoparticles. Investigation of the catalytic activity of the catalyst approved its high catalytic activity at a temperature above the lower critical solution temperature. More precisely, 0.03 g of the catalyst can promote the reaction of 1 mmol of nitro-compounds in H<sub>2</sub>O/EtOH (1:1) at 45 °C to furnish the corresponding products in 70–100% yields. This issue was assigned to the collapse of the polymeric component and formation of a hydrophobic environment that was beneficial for the mass-transfer of the hydrophobic nitroarenes. Notably, the catalytic activity of the catalyst was higher than that of palladated perlite and thermos-responsive polymer due to the synergistic effects between the perlite and polymeric moiety. Furthermore, the study of the substrate scope confirmed that a wide range of substrates with different steric and electronic properties could tolerate hydrogenation reaction. Moreover, the catalyst was highly selective toward hydrogenation of the nitro group and could be recycled up to seven runs with insignificant Pd leaching and loss of catalytic activity. The hot filtration test also confirmed the heterogeneous nature of the catalysis.Neda Abedian-DehaghaniMajid M. HeraviSamahe SadjadiMDPI AGarticleheterogeneous catalystperlitethermo-responsive polymerhydrogenationChemical technologyTP1-1185ChemistryQD1-999ENCatalysts, Vol 11, Iss 1334, p 1334 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	heterogeneous catalyst perlite thermo-responsive polymer hydrogenation Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	heterogeneous catalyst perlite thermo-responsive polymer hydrogenation Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999 Neda Abedian-Dehaghani Majid M. Heravi Samahe Sadjadi Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition
description	A novel thermo-responsive catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes under mild reaction condition was devised. To prepare the catalyst, a thermo-responsive polymer was first synthesized through the co-polymerization of <i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide and allylamine and then covalently grafted on the Cl-functionalized perlite. The resulting composite was subsequently utilized as a support for the stabilization of Pd nanoparticles. Investigation of the catalytic activity of the catalyst approved its high catalytic activity at a temperature above the lower critical solution temperature. More precisely, 0.03 g of the catalyst can promote the reaction of 1 mmol of nitro-compounds in H<sub>2</sub>O/EtOH (1:1) at 45 °C to furnish the corresponding products in 70–100% yields. This issue was assigned to the collapse of the polymeric component and formation of a hydrophobic environment that was beneficial for the mass-transfer of the hydrophobic nitroarenes. Notably, the catalytic activity of the catalyst was higher than that of palladated perlite and thermos-responsive polymer due to the synergistic effects between the perlite and polymeric moiety. Furthermore, the study of the substrate scope confirmed that a wide range of substrates with different steric and electronic properties could tolerate hydrogenation reaction. Moreover, the catalyst was highly selective toward hydrogenation of the nitro group and could be recycled up to seven runs with insignificant Pd leaching and loss of catalytic activity. The hot filtration test also confirmed the heterogeneous nature of the catalysis.
format	article
author	Neda Abedian-Dehaghani Majid M. Heravi Samahe Sadjadi
author_facet	Neda Abedian-Dehaghani Majid M. Heravi Samahe Sadjadi
author_sort	Neda Abedian-Dehaghani
title	Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition
title_short	Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition
title_full	Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition
title_fullStr	Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition
title_full_unstemmed	Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition
title_sort	pd on the composite of perlite and allylamine-<i>n</i>-isopropylacrylamide copolymer: a thermo-responsive catalyst for hydrogenation of nitroarenes under mild reaction condition
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/859c7c97be9e40a793937a67d1c4e09a
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Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition

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