Examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.

Extracting shared structure across our experiences allows us to generalize our knowledge to novel contexts. How do different brain states influence this ability to generalize? Using a novel category learning paradigm, we assess the effect of both sleep and time of day on generalization that depends...

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Autores principales:	Marlie C Tandoc, Mollie Bayda, Craig Poskanzer, Eileen Cho, Roy Cox, Robert Stickgold, Anna C Schapiro
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/85d9b9a9877e4771b7c7f29819a0470c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:85d9b9a9877e4771b7c7f29819a0470c2021-12-02T20:18:51ZExamining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255423https://doaj.org/article/85d9b9a9877e4771b7c7f29819a0470c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255423https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Extracting shared structure across our experiences allows us to generalize our knowledge to novel contexts. How do different brain states influence this ability to generalize? Using a novel category learning paradigm, we assess the effect of both sleep and time of day on generalization that depends on the flexible integration of recent information. Counter to our expectations, we found no evidence that this form of generalization is better after a night of sleep relative to a day awake. Instead, we observed an effect of time of day, with better generalization in the morning than the evening. This effect also manifested as increased false memory for generalized information. In a nap experiment, we found that generalization did not benefit from having slept recently, suggesting a role for time of day apart from sleep. In follow-up experiments, we were unable to replicate the time of day effect for reasons that may relate to changes in category structure and task engagement. Despite this lack of consistency, we found a morning benefit for generalization when analyzing all the data from experiments with matched protocols (n = 136). We suggest that a state of lowered inhibition in the morning may facilitate spreading activation between otherwise separate memories, promoting this form of generalization.Marlie C TandocMollie BaydaCraig PoskanzerEileen ChoRoy CoxRobert StickgoldAnna C SchapiroPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255423 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marlie C Tandoc Mollie Bayda Craig Poskanzer Eileen Cho Roy Cox Robert Stickgold Anna C Schapiro Examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.
description	Extracting shared structure across our experiences allows us to generalize our knowledge to novel contexts. How do different brain states influence this ability to generalize? Using a novel category learning paradigm, we assess the effect of both sleep and time of day on generalization that depends on the flexible integration of recent information. Counter to our expectations, we found no evidence that this form of generalization is better after a night of sleep relative to a day awake. Instead, we observed an effect of time of day, with better generalization in the morning than the evening. This effect also manifested as increased false memory for generalized information. In a nap experiment, we found that generalization did not benefit from having slept recently, suggesting a role for time of day apart from sleep. In follow-up experiments, we were unable to replicate the time of day effect for reasons that may relate to changes in category structure and task engagement. Despite this lack of consistency, we found a morning benefit for generalization when analyzing all the data from experiments with matched protocols (n = 136). We suggest that a state of lowered inhibition in the morning may facilitate spreading activation between otherwise separate memories, promoting this form of generalization.
format	article
author	Marlie C Tandoc Mollie Bayda Craig Poskanzer Eileen Cho Roy Cox Robert Stickgold Anna C Schapiro
author_facet	Marlie C Tandoc Mollie Bayda Craig Poskanzer Eileen Cho Roy Cox Robert Stickgold Anna C Schapiro
author_sort	Marlie C Tandoc
title	Examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.
title_short	Examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.
title_full	Examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.
title_fullStr	Examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.
title_full_unstemmed	Examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.
title_sort	examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/85d9b9a9877e4771b7c7f29819a0470c
work_keys_str_mv	AT marliectandoc examiningtheeffectsoftimeofdayandsleepongeneralization AT molliebayda examiningtheeffectsoftimeofdayandsleepongeneralization AT craigposkanzer examiningtheeffectsoftimeofdayandsleepongeneralization AT eileencho examiningtheeffectsoftimeofdayandsleepongeneralization AT roycox examiningtheeffectsoftimeofdayandsleepongeneralization AT robertstickgold examiningtheeffectsoftimeofdayandsleepongeneralization AT annacschapiro examiningtheeffectsoftimeofdayandsleepongeneralization
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Examining the effects of time of day and sleep on generalization.

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