Trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.

<h4>Objectives</h4>To identify risk factors for hepatitis C among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), focusing on potential sexual, nosocomial, and other non-sexual determinants.<h4>Background</h4>Outbreaks of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among HIV-positive MS...

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Autores principales:	Axel J Schmidt, Jürgen K Rockstroh, Martin Vogel, Matthias An der Heiden, Armin Baillot, Ivanka Krznaric, Doris Radun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/85fe541847ec48d4bc6c405fd947fd81
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:85fe541847ec48d4bc6c405fd947fd812021-11-18T06:57:41ZTrouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0017781https://doaj.org/article/85fe541847ec48d4bc6c405fd947fd812011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21408083/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objectives</h4>To identify risk factors for hepatitis C among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), focusing on potential sexual, nosocomial, and other non-sexual determinants.<h4>Background</h4>Outbreaks of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among HIV-positive MSM have been reported by clinicians in post-industrialized countries since 2000. The sexual acquisition of HCV by gay men who are HIV positive is not, however, fully understood.<h4>Methods</h4>Between 2006 and 2008, a case-control study was embedded into a behavioural survey of MSM in Germany. Cases were HIV-positive and acutely HCV-co-infected, with no history of injection drug use. HIV-positive MSM without known HCV infection, matched for age group, served as controls. The HCV-serostatus of controls was assessed by serological testing of dried blood specimens. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to identify factors independently associated with HCV-co-infection.<h4>Results</h4>34 cases and 67 controls were included. Sex-associated rectal bleeding, receptive fisting and snorting cocaine/amphetamines, combined with group sex, were independently associated with case status. Among cases, surgical interventions overlapped with sex-associated rectal bleeding.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Sexual practices leading to rectal bleeding, and snorting drugs in settings of increased HCV-prevalence are risk factors for acute hepatitis C. We suggest that sharing snorting equipment as well as sharing sexual partners might be modes of sexual transmission. Condoms and gloves may not provide adequate protection if they are contaminated with blood. Public health interventions for HIV-positive gay men should address the role of blood in sexual risk behaviour. Further research is needed into the interplay of proctosurgery and sex-associated rectal bleeding.Axel J SchmidtJürgen K RockstrohMartin VogelMatthias An der HeidenArmin BaillotIvanka KrznaricDoris RadunPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e17781 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Axel J Schmidt Jürgen K Rockstroh Martin Vogel Matthias An der Heiden Armin Baillot Ivanka Krznaric Doris Radun Trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.
description	<h4>Objectives</h4>To identify risk factors for hepatitis C among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), focusing on potential sexual, nosocomial, and other non-sexual determinants.<h4>Background</h4>Outbreaks of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among HIV-positive MSM have been reported by clinicians in post-industrialized countries since 2000. The sexual acquisition of HCV by gay men who are HIV positive is not, however, fully understood.<h4>Methods</h4>Between 2006 and 2008, a case-control study was embedded into a behavioural survey of MSM in Germany. Cases were HIV-positive and acutely HCV-co-infected, with no history of injection drug use. HIV-positive MSM without known HCV infection, matched for age group, served as controls. The HCV-serostatus of controls was assessed by serological testing of dried blood specimens. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to identify factors independently associated with HCV-co-infection.<h4>Results</h4>34 cases and 67 controls were included. Sex-associated rectal bleeding, receptive fisting and snorting cocaine/amphetamines, combined with group sex, were independently associated with case status. Among cases, surgical interventions overlapped with sex-associated rectal bleeding.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Sexual practices leading to rectal bleeding, and snorting drugs in settings of increased HCV-prevalence are risk factors for acute hepatitis C. We suggest that sharing snorting equipment as well as sharing sexual partners might be modes of sexual transmission. Condoms and gloves may not provide adequate protection if they are contaminated with blood. Public health interventions for HIV-positive gay men should address the role of blood in sexual risk behaviour. Further research is needed into the interplay of proctosurgery and sex-associated rectal bleeding.
format	article
author	Axel J Schmidt Jürgen K Rockstroh Martin Vogel Matthias An der Heiden Armin Baillot Ivanka Krznaric Doris Radun
author_facet	Axel J Schmidt Jürgen K Rockstroh Martin Vogel Matthias An der Heiden Armin Baillot Ivanka Krznaric Doris Radun
author_sort	Axel J Schmidt
title	Trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.
title_short	Trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.
title_full	Trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.
title_fullStr	Trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.
title_full_unstemmed	Trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.
title_sort	trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis c among hiv-positive gay men from germany--a case-control study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/85fe541847ec48d4bc6c405fd947fd81
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Trouble with bleeding: risk factors for acute hepatitis C among HIV-positive gay men from Germany--a case-control study.

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