Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males

Harri Hemilä Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Background: Vitamin E has influenced the immune system in laboratory studies. Dozens of animal experiments have found that vitamin E offered protection against infections caused by viruses and bacteria. Pr...

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Autor principal:	Hemilä H
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	antioxidants exercise randomized controlled trial respiratory tract infections smoking Geriatrics RC952-954.6
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/860800f3b2ac47b5a98202fa35e0887a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:860800f3b2ac47b5a98202fa35e0887a2021-12-02T04:23:57ZVitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males1178-1998https://doaj.org/article/860800f3b2ac47b5a98202fa35e0887a2016-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/vitamin-e-administration-may-decrease-the-incidence-of-pneumonia-in-el-peer-reviewed-article-CIAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-1998Harri Hemilä Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Background: Vitamin E has influenced the immune system in laboratory studies. Dozens of animal experiments have found that vitamin E offered protection against infections caused by viruses and bacteria. Previously, significant heterogeneity was found in the effect of vitamin E supplementation on pneumonia in humans. The aim of this study was to examine how the effect of vitamin E on pneumonia risk depends on age. Methods: Secondary analysis of the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention study in Finland, 1985–1993, was performed. Participants were male smokers aged 50–69 years at the baseline who started to smoke at ≥21 years (N=7,469). Intervention was 50 mg/d of vitamin E for 5–8 years. The outcome was the incidence of hospital-treated, community-acquired pneumonia by the age at the follow-up. Results: Among 2,216 participants who smoked 5–19 cigarettes per day at baseline and exercised at leisure time, vitamin E supplementation reduced the incidence of pneumonia by 69% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43%–83%; 57 pneumonia cases). In this subgroup, vitamin E prevented pneumonia in 12.9% of participants by the age of 74 years. Among 5,253 participants who smoked ≥20 cigarettes per day at baseline or did not exercise, the incidence of pneumonia was 14% lower in the vitamin E participants (95% CI: -38% to +21%; 139 cases). One-third of the participants quit smoking for a period, of whom 27 got pneumonia. The incidence of pneumonia was 72% (95% CI: 31%–89%) lower in the vitamin E group, and this benefit was also seen among those males who smoked ≥20 cigarettes per day at baseline or did not exercise. Conclusion: Although the evidence of benefit from vitamin E against pneumonia in elderly males is strong in this analysis, the overall findings about vitamin E have been complex. Further research on vitamin E in nonsmoking elderly males is warranted. Trial registration: NCT00342992. Keywords: antioxidants, exercise, randomized controlled trial, respiratory tract infections, smokingHemilä HDove Medical Pressarticleantioxidantsexerciserandomized controlled trialrespiratory tract infectionssmokingGeriatricsRC952-954.6ENClinical Interventions in Aging, Vol Volume 11, Pp 1379-1385 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antioxidants exercise randomized controlled trial respiratory tract infections smoking Geriatrics RC952-954.6
spellingShingle	antioxidants exercise randomized controlled trial respiratory tract infections smoking Geriatrics RC952-954.6 Hemilä H Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males
description	Harri Hemilä Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Background: Vitamin E has influenced the immune system in laboratory studies. Dozens of animal experiments have found that vitamin E offered protection against infections caused by viruses and bacteria. Previously, significant heterogeneity was found in the effect of vitamin E supplementation on pneumonia in humans. The aim of this study was to examine how the effect of vitamin E on pneumonia risk depends on age. Methods: Secondary analysis of the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention study in Finland, 1985–1993, was performed. Participants were male smokers aged 50–69 years at the baseline who started to smoke at ≥21 years (N=7,469). Intervention was 50 mg/d of vitamin E for 5–8 years. The outcome was the incidence of hospital-treated, community-acquired pneumonia by the age at the follow-up. Results: Among 2,216 participants who smoked 5–19 cigarettes per day at baseline and exercised at leisure time, vitamin E supplementation reduced the incidence of pneumonia by 69% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43%–83%; 57 pneumonia cases). In this subgroup, vitamin E prevented pneumonia in 12.9% of participants by the age of 74 years. Among 5,253 participants who smoked ≥20 cigarettes per day at baseline or did not exercise, the incidence of pneumonia was 14% lower in the vitamin E participants (95% CI: -38% to +21%; 139 cases). One-third of the participants quit smoking for a period, of whom 27 got pneumonia. The incidence of pneumonia was 72% (95% CI: 31%–89%) lower in the vitamin E group, and this benefit was also seen among those males who smoked ≥20 cigarettes per day at baseline or did not exercise. Conclusion: Although the evidence of benefit from vitamin E against pneumonia in elderly males is strong in this analysis, the overall findings about vitamin E have been complex. Further research on vitamin E in nonsmoking elderly males is warranted. Trial registration: NCT00342992. Keywords: antioxidants, exercise, randomized controlled trial, respiratory tract infections, smoking
format	article
author	Hemilä H
author_facet	Hemilä H
author_sort	Hemilä H
title	Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males
title_short	Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males
title_full	Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males
title_fullStr	Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males
title_full_unstemmed	Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males
title_sort	vitamin e administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/860800f3b2ac47b5a98202fa35e0887a
work_keys_str_mv	AT hemilah vitamineadministrationmaydecreasetheincidenceofpneumoniainelderlymales
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Vitamin E administration may decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly males

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