Impact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 2019

In this study, a global atmospheric model, Specified Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere eXtension (SD-WACCM-X), and the residual circulation principle were used to study the global atmospheric circulation from the lower to upper atmosphere (~500 km) fr...

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Autores principales:	Chen-Ke-Min Teng, Sheng-Yang Gu, Yusong Qin, Xiankang Dou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	SD-WACCM-X simulations global atmospheric circulation solar activity Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/860e10891c4e4437916e2aa5c04dad9f
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:860e10891c4e4437916e2aa5c04dad9f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:860e10891c4e4437916e2aa5c04dad9f2021-11-25T16:45:53ZImpact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 201910.3390/atmos121115262073-4433https://doaj.org/article/860e10891c4e4437916e2aa5c04dad9f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/11/1526https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433In this study, a global atmospheric model, Specified Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere eXtension (SD-WACCM-X), and the residual circulation principle were used to study the global atmospheric circulation from the lower to upper atmosphere (~500 km) from 2002 to 2019. Our analysis shows that the atmospheric circulation is clearly influenced by solar activity, especially in the upper atmosphere, which is mainly characterized by an enhanced atmospheric circulation in years with high solar activity. The atmospheric circulation in the upper atmosphere also exhibits an ~11 year period, and its variation is highly correlated with the temporal variation in the F10.7 solar index during the same time series, with a maximum correlation coefficient of up to more than 0.9. In the middle and lower atmosphere, the impact of solar activity on the atmospheric circulation is not as obvious as in the upper atmosphere due to some atmospheric activities such as the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), sudden stratospheric warming (SSW), volcanic forcing, and so on. By comparing the atmospheric circulation in different latitudinal regions between years with high and low solar activity, we found the atmospheric circulation in mid- and high-latitude regions is more affected by solar activity than in low-latitude and equatorial regions. In addition, clear seasonal variation in atmospheric circulation was detected in the global atmosphere, excluding the regions near 10<sup>−4</sup> hPa and the lower atmosphere, which is mainly characterized by a flow from the summer hemisphere to the winter hemisphere. In the middle and low atmosphere, the atmospheric circulation shows a quasi-biennial oscillatory variation in the low-latitude and equatorial regions. This work provides a referable study of global atmospheric circulation and demonstrates the impacts of solar activity on global atmospheric circulation.Chen-Ke-Min TengSheng-Yang GuYusong QinXiankang DouMDPI AGarticleSD-WACCM-X simulationsglobal atmospheric circulationsolar activityMeteorology. ClimatologyQC851-999ENAtmosphere, Vol 12, Iss 1526, p 1526 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	SD-WACCM-X simulations global atmospheric circulation solar activity Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
spellingShingle	SD-WACCM-X simulations global atmospheric circulation solar activity Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Chen-Ke-Min Teng Sheng-Yang Gu Yusong Qin Xiankang Dou Impact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 2019
description	In this study, a global atmospheric model, Specified Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere eXtension (SD-WACCM-X), and the residual circulation principle were used to study the global atmospheric circulation from the lower to upper atmosphere (~500 km) from 2002 to 2019. Our analysis shows that the atmospheric circulation is clearly influenced by solar activity, especially in the upper atmosphere, which is mainly characterized by an enhanced atmospheric circulation in years with high solar activity. The atmospheric circulation in the upper atmosphere also exhibits an ~11 year period, and its variation is highly correlated with the temporal variation in the F10.7 solar index during the same time series, with a maximum correlation coefficient of up to more than 0.9. In the middle and lower atmosphere, the impact of solar activity on the atmospheric circulation is not as obvious as in the upper atmosphere due to some atmospheric activities such as the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), sudden stratospheric warming (SSW), volcanic forcing, and so on. By comparing the atmospheric circulation in different latitudinal regions between years with high and low solar activity, we found the atmospheric circulation in mid- and high-latitude regions is more affected by solar activity than in low-latitude and equatorial regions. In addition, clear seasonal variation in atmospheric circulation was detected in the global atmosphere, excluding the regions near 10<sup>−4</sup> hPa and the lower atmosphere, which is mainly characterized by a flow from the summer hemisphere to the winter hemisphere. In the middle and low atmosphere, the atmospheric circulation shows a quasi-biennial oscillatory variation in the low-latitude and equatorial regions. This work provides a referable study of global atmospheric circulation and demonstrates the impacts of solar activity on global atmospheric circulation.
format	article
author	Chen-Ke-Min Teng Sheng-Yang Gu Yusong Qin Xiankang Dou
author_facet	Chen-Ke-Min Teng Sheng-Yang Gu Yusong Qin Xiankang Dou
author_sort	Chen-Ke-Min Teng
title	Impact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 2019
title_short	Impact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 2019
title_full	Impact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 2019
title_fullStr	Impact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 2019
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 2019
title_sort	impact of solar activity on global atmospheric circulation based on sd-waccm-x simulations from 2002 to 2019
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/860e10891c4e4437916e2aa5c04dad9f
work_keys_str_mv	AT chenkeminteng impactofsolaractivityonglobalatmosphericcirculationbasedonsdwaccmxsimulationsfrom2002to2019 AT shengyanggu impactofsolaractivityonglobalatmosphericcirculationbasedonsdwaccmxsimulationsfrom2002to2019 AT yusongqin impactofsolaractivityonglobalatmosphericcirculationbasedonsdwaccmxsimulationsfrom2002to2019 AT xiankangdou impactofsolaractivityonglobalatmosphericcirculationbasedonsdwaccmxsimulationsfrom2002to2019
_version_	1718413029821906944

Impact of Solar Activity on Global Atmospheric Circulation Based on SD-WACCM-X Simulations from 2002 to 2019

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