COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries

As the world tries to cope with the devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and emerging variants of the virus, COVID-19 vaccination has become an even more critical tool toward normalcy. The effectiveness of the vaccination program and specifically vaccine uptake and coverage, however, is a fu...

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Autores principales:	Sherry Mangla, Fatima Tuz Zohra Makkia, Ashok Kumar Pathak, Renee Robinson, Nargis Sultana, Kranthi Swaroop Koonisetty, Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic, Uyen-Sa D.T. Nguyen, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales, Jorge A. Sanchez-Duque, Patrick T. Zamba, Nasrin Aghamohammadi, Fong CS, Ubydul Haque
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 vaccination SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunization programs pandemics Psychology BF1-990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8669cd07ae444553b2b45a442ab9a004
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8669cd07ae444553b2b45a442ab9a0042021-11-25T16:46:07ZCOVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries10.3390/bs111101482076-328Xhttps://doaj.org/article/8669cd07ae444553b2b45a442ab9a0042021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/11/11/148https://doaj.org/toc/2076-328XAs the world tries to cope with the devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and emerging variants of the virus, COVID-19 vaccination has become an even more critical tool toward normalcy. The effectiveness of the vaccination program and specifically vaccine uptake and coverage, however, is a function of an individual’s knowledge and individual opinion about the disease and available vaccines. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and resulting community practice(s) associated with the new COVID-19 variants and vaccines in Bangladesh, Colombia, India, Malaysia, Zimbabwe, and the USA. A cross-sectional web-based Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) survey was administered to respondents living in six different countries using a structured and multi-item questionnaire. Survey questions were translated into English, Spanish, and Malay to accommodate the local language in each country. Associations between KAP and a range of explanatory variables were assessed using univariate and multiple logistic regression. A total of 781 responses were included in the final analysis. The Knowledge score mean was 24 (out of 46), Attitude score 28.9 (out of 55), and Practice score 7.3 (out of 11). Almost 65% of the respondents reported being knowledgeable about COVID-19 variants and vaccination, 55% reported a positive attitude toward available COVID-19 vaccines, and 85% reported engaging in practices that supported COVID-19 vaccination. From the multiple logistic models, we found post-graduate education (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23–2.74) and an age range 45–54 years (AOR = 5.81, 95% CI: 2.30–14.69) to be significantly associated with reported COVID-19 knowledge. In addition, positive Attitude scores were associated with respondents living in Zimbabwe (AOR = 4.49, 95% CI: 2.04–9.90) and positive Practice scores were found to be associated with people from India (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.15–11.74) and high school education (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.07–4.38). This study contributes to the identification of socio-demographic factors associated with poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices relating to COVID-19 variants and vaccines. It presents an opportunity for collaboration with diverse communities to address COVID-19 misinformation and common sources of vaccine hesitancy (i.e., knowledge, attitudes, and practices).Sherry ManglaFatima Tuz Zohra MakkiaAshok Kumar PathakRenee RobinsonNargis SultanaKranthi Swaroop KoonisettyAjlina Karamehic-MuratovicUyen-Sa D.T. NguyenAlfonso J. Rodriguez-MoralesJorge A. Sanchez-DuquePatrick T. ZambaNasrin AghamohammadiFong CSUbydul HaqueMDPI AGarticleCOVID-19 vaccinationSARS-CoV-2 vaccineimmunization programspandemicsPsychologyBF1-990ENBehavioral Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 148, p 148 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 vaccination SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunization programs pandemics Psychology BF1-990
spellingShingle	COVID-19 vaccination SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunization programs pandemics Psychology BF1-990 Sherry Mangla Fatima Tuz Zohra Makkia Ashok Kumar Pathak Renee Robinson Nargis Sultana Kranthi Swaroop Koonisetty Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic Uyen-Sa D.T. Nguyen Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales Jorge A. Sanchez-Duque Patrick T. Zamba Nasrin Aghamohammadi Fong CS Ubydul Haque COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries
description	As the world tries to cope with the devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and emerging variants of the virus, COVID-19 vaccination has become an even more critical tool toward normalcy. The effectiveness of the vaccination program and specifically vaccine uptake and coverage, however, is a function of an individual’s knowledge and individual opinion about the disease and available vaccines. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and resulting community practice(s) associated with the new COVID-19 variants and vaccines in Bangladesh, Colombia, India, Malaysia, Zimbabwe, and the USA. A cross-sectional web-based Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) survey was administered to respondents living in six different countries using a structured and multi-item questionnaire. Survey questions were translated into English, Spanish, and Malay to accommodate the local language in each country. Associations between KAP and a range of explanatory variables were assessed using univariate and multiple logistic regression. A total of 781 responses were included in the final analysis. The Knowledge score mean was 24 (out of 46), Attitude score 28.9 (out of 55), and Practice score 7.3 (out of 11). Almost 65% of the respondents reported being knowledgeable about COVID-19 variants and vaccination, 55% reported a positive attitude toward available COVID-19 vaccines, and 85% reported engaging in practices that supported COVID-19 vaccination. From the multiple logistic models, we found post-graduate education (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23–2.74) and an age range 45–54 years (AOR = 5.81, 95% CI: 2.30–14.69) to be significantly associated with reported COVID-19 knowledge. In addition, positive Attitude scores were associated with respondents living in Zimbabwe (AOR = 4.49, 95% CI: 2.04–9.90) and positive Practice scores were found to be associated with people from India (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.15–11.74) and high school education (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.07–4.38). This study contributes to the identification of socio-demographic factors associated with poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices relating to COVID-19 variants and vaccines. It presents an opportunity for collaboration with diverse communities to address COVID-19 misinformation and common sources of vaccine hesitancy (i.e., knowledge, attitudes, and practices).
format	article
author	Sherry Mangla Fatima Tuz Zohra Makkia Ashok Kumar Pathak Renee Robinson Nargis Sultana Kranthi Swaroop Koonisetty Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic Uyen-Sa D.T. Nguyen Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales Jorge A. Sanchez-Duque Patrick T. Zamba Nasrin Aghamohammadi Fong CS Ubydul Haque
author_facet	Sherry Mangla Fatima Tuz Zohra Makkia Ashok Kumar Pathak Renee Robinson Nargis Sultana Kranthi Swaroop Koonisetty Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic Uyen-Sa D.T. Nguyen Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales Jorge A. Sanchez-Duque Patrick T. Zamba Nasrin Aghamohammadi Fong CS Ubydul Haque
author_sort	Sherry Mangla
title	COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries
title_short	COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries
title_full	COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries
title_fullStr	COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries
title_full_unstemmed	COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries
title_sort	covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and emerging variants: evidence from six countries
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8669cd07ae444553b2b45a442ab9a004
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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries

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