Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage

Abstract The genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are an essential component of the vertebrate immune system and MHC genotypes may determine individual susceptibility to parasite infection. In the wild, selection that favors MHC variability can create situations in which interspecies...

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Autores principales:	Andrea Šimková, Lenka Gettová, Kristína Civáňová, Mária Seifertová, Michal Janáč, Lukáš Vetešník
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/868bf29985704a168a5e95e5678b91e4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:868bf29985704a168a5e95e5678b91e42021-12-02T16:46:35ZDiversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage10.1038/s41598-021-96205-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/868bf29985704a168a5e95e5678b91e42021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96205-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are an essential component of the vertebrate immune system and MHC genotypes may determine individual susceptibility to parasite infection. In the wild, selection that favors MHC variability can create situations in which interspecies hybrids experience a survival advantage. In a wild system of two naturally hybridizing leuciscid fish, we assessed MHC IIB genetic variability and its potential relationships to hosts’ ectoparasite communities. High proportions of MHC alleles and parasites were species-specific. Strong positive selection at specific MHC codons was detected in both species and hybrids. MHC allele expression in hybrids was slightly biased towards the maternal species. Controlling for a strong seasonal effect on parasite communities, we found no clear associations between host-specific parasites and MHC alleles or MHC supertypes. Hybrids shared more MHC alleles with the more MHC-diverse parental species, but expressed intermediate numbers of MHC alleles and positively selected sites. Hybrids carried significantly fewer ectoparasites than either parent species, suggesting a hybrid advantage via potential heterosis.Andrea ŠimkováLenka GettováKristína CiváňováMária SeifertováMichal JanáčLukáš VetešníkNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Andrea Šimková Lenka Gettová Kristína Civáňová Mária Seifertová Michal Janáč Lukáš Vetešník Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage
description	Abstract The genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are an essential component of the vertebrate immune system and MHC genotypes may determine individual susceptibility to parasite infection. In the wild, selection that favors MHC variability can create situations in which interspecies hybrids experience a survival advantage. In a wild system of two naturally hybridizing leuciscid fish, we assessed MHC IIB genetic variability and its potential relationships to hosts’ ectoparasite communities. High proportions of MHC alleles and parasites were species-specific. Strong positive selection at specific MHC codons was detected in both species and hybrids. MHC allele expression in hybrids was slightly biased towards the maternal species. Controlling for a strong seasonal effect on parasite communities, we found no clear associations between host-specific parasites and MHC alleles or MHC supertypes. Hybrids shared more MHC alleles with the more MHC-diverse parental species, but expressed intermediate numbers of MHC alleles and positively selected sites. Hybrids carried significantly fewer ectoparasites than either parent species, suggesting a hybrid advantage via potential heterosis.
format	article
author	Andrea Šimková Lenka Gettová Kristína Civáňová Mária Seifertová Michal Janáč Lukáš Vetešník
author_facet	Andrea Šimková Lenka Gettová Kristína Civáňová Mária Seifertová Michal Janáč Lukáš Vetešník
author_sort	Andrea Šimková
title	Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage
title_short	Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage
title_full	Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage
title_fullStr	Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage
title_full_unstemmed	Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage
title_sort	diversity of mhc iib genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/868bf29985704a168a5e95e5678b91e4
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Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage

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