Measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.

<h4>Background</h4>Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, the annual new case detection in 2019 was 202,189 globally. Measuring endemicity levels and burden in leprosy lacks a uniform approach. As a result, the assessment of leprosy endemicity or burden a...

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Autores principales:	Dorcas O Ogunsumi, Vivek Lal, Karl Philipp Puchner, Wim van Brakel, Eva-Maria Schwienhorst-Stich, Christa Kasang, Joseph Chukwu, Saskia Kreibich, Sandra Parisi, Jan Hendrik Richardus, David J Blok
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/86b778bcff58484a8dc39b513a3f11fb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:86b778bcff58484a8dc39b513a3f11fb2021-12-02T20:24:05ZMeasuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009769https://doaj.org/article/86b778bcff58484a8dc39b513a3f11fb2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009769https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, the annual new case detection in 2019 was 202,189 globally. Measuring endemicity levels and burden in leprosy lacks a uniform approach. As a result, the assessment of leprosy endemicity or burden are not comparable over time and across countries and regions. This can make program planning and evaluation difficult. This study aims to identify relevant metrics and methods for measuring and classifying leprosy endemicity and burden at (sub)national level.<h4>Methods</h4>We used a mixed-method approach combining findings from a systematic literature review and a Delphi survey. The literature search was conducted in seven databases, searching for endemicity, burden and leprosy. We reviewed the available evidence on the usage of indicators, classification levels, and scoring methods to measure and classify endemicity and burden. A two round Delphi survey was conducted to ask experts to rank and weigh indicators, classification levels, and scoring methods.<h4>Results</h4>The literature review showed variation of indicators, levels, and cut-off values to measure leprosy endemicity and/or burden. The most used indicators for endemicity include new case detection rate (NCDR), new cases among children and new cases with grade 2 disability. For burden these include NCDR, MB cases, and prevalence. The classification levels 'high' and 'low' were most important. It was considered most relevant to use separate scoring methods for endemicity and burden. The scores would be derived by use of multiple indicators.<h4>Conclusion</h4>There is great variation in the existing method for measuring endemicity and burden across countries and regions. Our findings contribute to establishing a standardized uniform approach to measure and classify leprosy endemicity and burden at (sub)national level, which would allow effective communication and planning of intervention strategies.Dorcas O OgunsumiVivek LalKarl Philipp PuchnerWim van BrakelEva-Maria Schwienhorst-StichChrista KasangJoseph ChukwuSaskia KreibichSandra ParisiJan Hendrik RichardusDavid J BlokPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009769 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Dorcas O Ogunsumi Vivek Lal Karl Philipp Puchner Wim van Brakel Eva-Maria Schwienhorst-Stich Christa Kasang Joseph Chukwu Saskia Kreibich Sandra Parisi Jan Hendrik Richardus David J Blok Measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, the annual new case detection in 2019 was 202,189 globally. Measuring endemicity levels and burden in leprosy lacks a uniform approach. As a result, the assessment of leprosy endemicity or burden are not comparable over time and across countries and regions. This can make program planning and evaluation difficult. This study aims to identify relevant metrics and methods for measuring and classifying leprosy endemicity and burden at (sub)national level.<h4>Methods</h4>We used a mixed-method approach combining findings from a systematic literature review and a Delphi survey. The literature search was conducted in seven databases, searching for endemicity, burden and leprosy. We reviewed the available evidence on the usage of indicators, classification levels, and scoring methods to measure and classify endemicity and burden. A two round Delphi survey was conducted to ask experts to rank and weigh indicators, classification levels, and scoring methods.<h4>Results</h4>The literature review showed variation of indicators, levels, and cut-off values to measure leprosy endemicity and/or burden. The most used indicators for endemicity include new case detection rate (NCDR), new cases among children and new cases with grade 2 disability. For burden these include NCDR, MB cases, and prevalence. The classification levels 'high' and 'low' were most important. It was considered most relevant to use separate scoring methods for endemicity and burden. The scores would be derived by use of multiple indicators.<h4>Conclusion</h4>There is great variation in the existing method for measuring endemicity and burden across countries and regions. Our findings contribute to establishing a standardized uniform approach to measure and classify leprosy endemicity and burden at (sub)national level, which would allow effective communication and planning of intervention strategies.
format	article
author	Dorcas O Ogunsumi Vivek Lal Karl Philipp Puchner Wim van Brakel Eva-Maria Schwienhorst-Stich Christa Kasang Joseph Chukwu Saskia Kreibich Sandra Parisi Jan Hendrik Richardus David J Blok
author_facet	Dorcas O Ogunsumi Vivek Lal Karl Philipp Puchner Wim van Brakel Eva-Maria Schwienhorst-Stich Christa Kasang Joseph Chukwu Saskia Kreibich Sandra Parisi Jan Hendrik Richardus David J Blok
author_sort	Dorcas O Ogunsumi
title	Measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.
title_short	Measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.
title_full	Measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.
title_fullStr	Measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.
title_full_unstemmed	Measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.
title_sort	measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: a systematic review and delphi survey.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/86b778bcff58484a8dc39b513a3f11fb
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Measuring endemicity and burden of leprosy across countries and regions: A systematic review and Delphi survey.

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