Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of the majority of cervical cancers and head and neck cancers worldwide. Although prophylactic vaccines and cervical cancer screening programs have shown efficacy in preventing HPV-associated cervical cancer, cervical cancer is still a major cause of...

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Autores principales:	Ditte Rahbæk Boilesen, Karen Nørgaard Nielsen, Peter Johannes Holst
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	human papillomavirus therapeutic vaccines Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/86f668f39411417a8880bbb18c185db9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:86f668f39411417a8880bbb18c185db92021-11-25T19:10:40ZNovel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines10.3390/vaccines91112622076-393Xhttps://doaj.org/article/86f668f39411417a8880bbb18c185db92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/11/1262https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393XHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of the majority of cervical cancers and head and neck cancers worldwide. Although prophylactic vaccines and cervical cancer screening programs have shown efficacy in preventing HPV-associated cervical cancer, cervical cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in third world countries. Furthermore, head and neck cancer cases caused by HPV infection and associated mortality are increasing. The need for better therapy is clear, and therapeutic vaccination generating cytotoxic T cells against HPV proteins is a promising strategy. This review covers the current scene of HPV therapeutic vaccines in clinical development and discusses relevant considerations for the design of future HPV therapeutic vaccines and clinical trials, such as HPV protein expression patterns, immunogenicity, and exhaustion in relation to the different stages and types of HPV-associated lesions and cancers. Ultimately, while the majority of the HPV therapeutic vaccines currently in clinical testing target the two HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7, we suggest that there is a need to include more HPV antigens in future HPV therapeutic vaccines to increase efficacy and find that especially E1 and E2 could be promising novel targets.Ditte Rahbæk BoilesenKaren Nørgaard NielsenPeter Johannes HolstMDPI AGarticlehuman papillomavirustherapeutic vaccinesMedicineRENVaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1262, p 1262 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	human papillomavirus therapeutic vaccines Medicine R
spellingShingle	human papillomavirus therapeutic vaccines Medicine R Ditte Rahbæk Boilesen Karen Nørgaard Nielsen Peter Johannes Holst Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines
description	Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of the majority of cervical cancers and head and neck cancers worldwide. Although prophylactic vaccines and cervical cancer screening programs have shown efficacy in preventing HPV-associated cervical cancer, cervical cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in third world countries. Furthermore, head and neck cancer cases caused by HPV infection and associated mortality are increasing. The need for better therapy is clear, and therapeutic vaccination generating cytotoxic T cells against HPV proteins is a promising strategy. This review covers the current scene of HPV therapeutic vaccines in clinical development and discusses relevant considerations for the design of future HPV therapeutic vaccines and clinical trials, such as HPV protein expression patterns, immunogenicity, and exhaustion in relation to the different stages and types of HPV-associated lesions and cancers. Ultimately, while the majority of the HPV therapeutic vaccines currently in clinical testing target the two HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7, we suggest that there is a need to include more HPV antigens in future HPV therapeutic vaccines to increase efficacy and find that especially E1 and E2 could be promising novel targets.
format	article
author	Ditte Rahbæk Boilesen Karen Nørgaard Nielsen Peter Johannes Holst
author_facet	Ditte Rahbæk Boilesen Karen Nørgaard Nielsen Peter Johannes Holst
author_sort	Ditte Rahbæk Boilesen
title	Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines
title_short	Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines
title_full	Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines
title_fullStr	Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines
title_full_unstemmed	Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines
title_sort	novel antigenic targets of hpv therapeutic vaccines
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/86f668f39411417a8880bbb18c185db9
work_keys_str_mv	AT ditterahbækboilesen novelantigenictargetsofhpvtherapeuticvaccines AT karennørgaardnielsen novelantigenictargetsofhpvtherapeuticvaccines AT peterjohannesholst novelantigenictargetsofhpvtherapeuticvaccines
_version_	1718410228743012352

Novel Antigenic Targets of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines

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