Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium
Abstract Observational studies on smoking and risk of hay fever and asthma have shown inconsistent results. However, observational studies may be biased by confounding and reverse causation. Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as markers of exposures to examine causal effects. We examined...
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oai:doaj.org-article:86f8209da3f945428aa1227821d89acf2021-12-02T11:50:55ZInvestigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium10.1038/s41598-017-01977-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/86f8209da3f945428aa1227821d89acf2017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01977-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Observational studies on smoking and risk of hay fever and asthma have shown inconsistent results. However, observational studies may be biased by confounding and reverse causation. Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as markers of exposures to examine causal effects. We examined the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma by using the smoking-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16969968/rs1051730. We included 231,020 participants from 22 population-based studies. Observational analyses showed that current vs never smokers had lower risk of hay fever (odds ratio (OR) = 0·68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0·61, 0·76; P < 0·001) and allergic sensitization (OR = 0·74, 95% CI: 0·64, 0·86; P < 0·001), but similar asthma risk (OR = 1·00, 95% CI: 0·91, 1·09; P = 0·967). Mendelian randomization analyses in current smokers showed a slightly lower risk of hay fever (OR = 0·958, 95% CI: 0·920, 0·998; P = 0·041), a lower risk of allergic sensitization (OR = 0·92, 95% CI: 0·84, 1·02; P = 0·117), but higher risk of asthma (OR = 1·06, 95% CI: 1·01, 1·11; P = 0·020) per smoking-increasing allele. Our results suggest that smoking may be causally related to a higher risk of asthma and a slightly lower risk of hay fever. However, the adverse events associated with smoking limit its clinical significance.Tea SkaabyAmy E. TaylorRikke K. JacobsenLavinia PaternosterBetina H. ThuesenTarunveer S. AhluwaliaSofus C. LarsenAng ZhouAndrew WongMaiken E. GabrielsenJohan H. BjørngaardClaudia FlexederSatu MännistöRebecca HardyDiana KuhSarah J. BarryLine Tang MøllehaveCharlotte CerqueiraNele FriedrichTobias N. BontenRaymond NoordamDennis O. Mook-KanamoriChristian TaubeLeon E. JessenAlex McConnachieNaveed SattarMark N. UptonCharles McSharryKlaus BønnelykkeHans BisgaardHolger SchulzKonstantin StrauchThomas MeitingerAnnette PetersHarald GrallertEllen A. NohrMika KivimakiMeena KumariUwe VölkerMatthias NauckHenry VölzkeChris PowerElina HyppönenTorben HansenTorben JørgensenOluf PedersenVeikko SalomaaNiels GrarupArnulf LanghammerPål R. RomundstadFrank SkorpenJaakko KaprioMarcus R MunafòAllan LinnebergNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017) |
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Medicine R Science Q Tea Skaaby Amy E. Taylor Rikke K. Jacobsen Lavinia Paternoster Betina H. Thuesen Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia Sofus C. Larsen Ang Zhou Andrew Wong Maiken E. Gabrielsen Johan H. Bjørngaard Claudia Flexeder Satu Männistö Rebecca Hardy Diana Kuh Sarah J. Barry Line Tang Møllehave Charlotte Cerqueira Nele Friedrich Tobias N. Bonten Raymond Noordam Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori Christian Taube Leon E. Jessen Alex McConnachie Naveed Sattar Mark N. Upton Charles McSharry Klaus Bønnelykke Hans Bisgaard Holger Schulz Konstantin Strauch Thomas Meitinger Annette Peters Harald Grallert Ellen A. Nohr Mika Kivimaki Meena Kumari Uwe Völker Matthias Nauck Henry Völzke Chris Power Elina Hyppönen Torben Hansen Torben Jørgensen Oluf Pedersen Veikko Salomaa Niels Grarup Arnulf Langhammer Pål R. Romundstad Frank Skorpen Jaakko Kaprio Marcus R Munafò Allan Linneberg Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium |
| description |
Abstract Observational studies on smoking and risk of hay fever and asthma have shown inconsistent results. However, observational studies may be biased by confounding and reverse causation. Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as markers of exposures to examine causal effects. We examined the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma by using the smoking-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16969968/rs1051730. We included 231,020 participants from 22 population-based studies. Observational analyses showed that current vs never smokers had lower risk of hay fever (odds ratio (OR) = 0·68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0·61, 0·76; P < 0·001) and allergic sensitization (OR = 0·74, 95% CI: 0·64, 0·86; P < 0·001), but similar asthma risk (OR = 1·00, 95% CI: 0·91, 1·09; P = 0·967). Mendelian randomization analyses in current smokers showed a slightly lower risk of hay fever (OR = 0·958, 95% CI: 0·920, 0·998; P = 0·041), a lower risk of allergic sensitization (OR = 0·92, 95% CI: 0·84, 1·02; P = 0·117), but higher risk of asthma (OR = 1·06, 95% CI: 1·01, 1·11; P = 0·020) per smoking-increasing allele. Our results suggest that smoking may be causally related to a higher risk of asthma and a slightly lower risk of hay fever. However, the adverse events associated with smoking limit its clinical significance. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Tea Skaaby Amy E. Taylor Rikke K. Jacobsen Lavinia Paternoster Betina H. Thuesen Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia Sofus C. Larsen Ang Zhou Andrew Wong Maiken E. Gabrielsen Johan H. Bjørngaard Claudia Flexeder Satu Männistö Rebecca Hardy Diana Kuh Sarah J. Barry Line Tang Møllehave Charlotte Cerqueira Nele Friedrich Tobias N. Bonten Raymond Noordam Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori Christian Taube Leon E. Jessen Alex McConnachie Naveed Sattar Mark N. Upton Charles McSharry Klaus Bønnelykke Hans Bisgaard Holger Schulz Konstantin Strauch Thomas Meitinger Annette Peters Harald Grallert Ellen A. Nohr Mika Kivimaki Meena Kumari Uwe Völker Matthias Nauck Henry Völzke Chris Power Elina Hyppönen Torben Hansen Torben Jørgensen Oluf Pedersen Veikko Salomaa Niels Grarup Arnulf Langhammer Pål R. Romundstad Frank Skorpen Jaakko Kaprio Marcus R Munafò Allan Linneberg |
| author_facet |
Tea Skaaby Amy E. Taylor Rikke K. Jacobsen Lavinia Paternoster Betina H. Thuesen Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia Sofus C. Larsen Ang Zhou Andrew Wong Maiken E. Gabrielsen Johan H. Bjørngaard Claudia Flexeder Satu Männistö Rebecca Hardy Diana Kuh Sarah J. Barry Line Tang Møllehave Charlotte Cerqueira Nele Friedrich Tobias N. Bonten Raymond Noordam Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori Christian Taube Leon E. Jessen Alex McConnachie Naveed Sattar Mark N. Upton Charles McSharry Klaus Bønnelykke Hans Bisgaard Holger Schulz Konstantin Strauch Thomas Meitinger Annette Peters Harald Grallert Ellen A. Nohr Mika Kivimaki Meena Kumari Uwe Völker Matthias Nauck Henry Völzke Chris Power Elina Hyppönen Torben Hansen Torben Jørgensen Oluf Pedersen Veikko Salomaa Niels Grarup Arnulf Langhammer Pål R. Romundstad Frank Skorpen Jaakko Kaprio Marcus R Munafò Allan Linneberg |
| author_sort |
Tea Skaaby |
| title |
Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium |
| title_short |
Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium |
| title_full |
Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium |
| title_fullStr |
Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the CARTA consortium |
| title_sort |
investigating the causal effect of smoking on hay fever and asthma: a mendelian randomization meta-analysis in the carta consortium |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/86f8209da3f945428aa1227821d89acf |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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