Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications

Cardiac disorders such as acute myocardial infarction, embolism and stroke are primarily attributed to excessive fibrin accumulation in the blood vessels, usually consequential in thrombosis. Numerous methodologies including the use of anti-coagulants, anti-platelet drugs, surgical operations and fi...

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Autores principales:	Chhavi Sharma, Alexander Osmolovskiy, Rajni Singh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	microbial fibrinolytic enzymes enzyme production enzyme purification characterisation structural-functional attributes thrombolytic potential Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8704556d2698449b9639a75d498d820d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8704556d2698449b9639a75d498d820d2021-11-25T18:41:23ZMicrobial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications10.3390/pharmaceutics131118801999-4923https://doaj.org/article/8704556d2698449b9639a75d498d820d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/11/1880https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4923Cardiac disorders such as acute myocardial infarction, embolism and stroke are primarily attributed to excessive fibrin accumulation in the blood vessels, usually consequential in thrombosis. Numerous methodologies including the use of anti-coagulants, anti-platelet drugs, surgical operations and fibrinolytic enzymes are employed for the dissolution of fibrin clots and hence ameliorate thrombosis. Microbial fibrinolytic enzymes have attracted much more attention in the management of cardiovascular disorders than typical anti-thrombotic strategies because of the undesirable after-effects and high expense of the latter. Fibrinolytic enzymes such as plasminogen activators and plasmin-like proteins hydrolyse thrombi with high efficacy with no significant after-effects and can be cost effectively produced on a large scale with a short generation time. However, the hunt for novel fibrinolytic enzymes necessitates complex purification stages, physiochemical and structural-functional attributes, which provide an insight into their mechanism of action. Besides, strain improvement and molecular technologies such as cloning, overexpression and the construction of genetically modified strains for the enhanced production of fibrinolytic enzymes significantly improve their thrombolytic potential. In addition, the unconventional applicability of some fibrinolytic enzymes paves their way for protein hydrolysis in addition to fibrin/thrombi, blood pressure regulation, anti-microbials, detergent additives for blood stain removal, preventing dental caries, anti-inflammatory and mucolytic expectorant agents. Therefore, this review article encompasses the production, biochemical/structure-function properties, thrombolytic potential and other surplus applications of microbial fibrinolytic enzymes.Chhavi SharmaAlexander OsmolovskiyRajni SinghMDPI AGarticlemicrobial fibrinolytic enzymesenzyme productionenzyme purificationcharacterisationstructural-functional attributesthrombolytic potentialPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENPharmaceutics, Vol 13, Iss 1880, p 1880 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	microbial fibrinolytic enzymes enzyme production enzyme purification characterisation structural-functional attributes thrombolytic potential Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	microbial fibrinolytic enzymes enzyme production enzyme purification characterisation structural-functional attributes thrombolytic potential Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Chhavi Sharma Alexander Osmolovskiy Rajni Singh Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications
description	Cardiac disorders such as acute myocardial infarction, embolism and stroke are primarily attributed to excessive fibrin accumulation in the blood vessels, usually consequential in thrombosis. Numerous methodologies including the use of anti-coagulants, anti-platelet drugs, surgical operations and fibrinolytic enzymes are employed for the dissolution of fibrin clots and hence ameliorate thrombosis. Microbial fibrinolytic enzymes have attracted much more attention in the management of cardiovascular disorders than typical anti-thrombotic strategies because of the undesirable after-effects and high expense of the latter. Fibrinolytic enzymes such as plasminogen activators and plasmin-like proteins hydrolyse thrombi with high efficacy with no significant after-effects and can be cost effectively produced on a large scale with a short generation time. However, the hunt for novel fibrinolytic enzymes necessitates complex purification stages, physiochemical and structural-functional attributes, which provide an insight into their mechanism of action. Besides, strain improvement and molecular technologies such as cloning, overexpression and the construction of genetically modified strains for the enhanced production of fibrinolytic enzymes significantly improve their thrombolytic potential. In addition, the unconventional applicability of some fibrinolytic enzymes paves their way for protein hydrolysis in addition to fibrin/thrombi, blood pressure regulation, anti-microbials, detergent additives for blood stain removal, preventing dental caries, anti-inflammatory and mucolytic expectorant agents. Therefore, this review article encompasses the production, biochemical/structure-function properties, thrombolytic potential and other surplus applications of microbial fibrinolytic enzymes.
format	article
author	Chhavi Sharma Alexander Osmolovskiy Rajni Singh
author_facet	Chhavi Sharma Alexander Osmolovskiy Rajni Singh
author_sort	Chhavi Sharma
title	Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications
title_short	Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications
title_full	Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications
title_fullStr	Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications
title_full_unstemmed	Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications
title_sort	microbial fibrinolytic enzymes as anti-thrombotics: production, characterisation and prodigious biopharmaceutical applications
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8704556d2698449b9639a75d498d820d
work_keys_str_mv	AT chhavisharma microbialfibrinolyticenzymesasantithromboticsproductioncharacterisationandprodigiousbiopharmaceuticalapplications AT alexanderosmolovskiy microbialfibrinolyticenzymesasantithromboticsproductioncharacterisationandprodigiousbiopharmaceuticalapplications AT rajnisingh microbialfibrinolyticenzymesasantithromboticsproductioncharacterisationandprodigiousbiopharmaceuticalapplications
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Microbial Fibrinolytic Enzymes as Anti-Thrombotics: Production, Characterisation and Prodigious Biopharmaceutical Applications

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