Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses

Influenza B is accountable for an important burden during flu epidemics, causing special impact in children and the elderly. Vaccination is the best approach to address influenza infections. However, one of the main problems of this virus is that two different lineages circulate together, Victoria a...

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Autores principales:	Laura Sánchez-de Prada, Silvia Rojo-Rello, Marta Domínguez-Gil, Eduardo Tamayo-Gómez, Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu-Leonardo, José María Eiros, Iván Sanz-Muñoz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	influenza B cross-immunity age elderly sex vaccines Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/871c36e087884470a75a19a47cee3f9f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:871c36e087884470a75a19a47cee3f9f2021-11-11T09:02:48ZInfluenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.737216https://doaj.org/article/871c36e087884470a75a19a47cee3f9f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737216/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XInfluenza B is accountable for an important burden during flu epidemics, causing special impact in children and the elderly. Vaccination is the best approach to address influenza infections. However, one of the main problems of this virus is that two different lineages circulate together, Victoria and Yamagata; and trivalent vaccines, that only contain one of these lineages, are still in use. For that reason, if during an epidemic, the lineage not included in the vaccine predominates, a mismatch would occur, and the vaccine effectiveness will be very poor. In this work, we evaluated the cross-protection given by the trivalent Influenza vaccine and compared serological profiles based on age, sex, and the type of vaccine used. We performed a retrospective analysis of serum samples obtained before and after seasonal influenza vaccination during 20 seasons (1998–2018). The results showed that heterotypic reactivity between both influenza B lineages is common, but always lower than the homologous response. Age is a relevant factor for this cross-reactivity between both lineages, while the sex and the type of vaccine not. Vaccination with trivalent influenza vaccines elicits cross-reactive antibodies against both lineages, however, this response might not be enough to provide an appropriate serological protection in case of mismatch.Laura Sánchez-de PradaLaura Sánchez-de PradaSilvia Rojo-RelloSilvia Rojo-RelloMarta Domínguez-GilMarta Domínguez-GilEduardo Tamayo-GómezRaúl Ortiz de Lejarazu-LeonardoJosé María EirosJosé María EirosJosé María EirosIván Sanz-MuñozFrontiers Media S.A.articleinfluenza Bcross-immunityageelderlysexvaccinesMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	influenza B cross-immunity age elderly sex vaccines Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	influenza B cross-immunity age elderly sex vaccines Microbiology QR1-502 Laura Sánchez-de Prada Laura Sánchez-de Prada Silvia Rojo-Rello Silvia Rojo-Rello Marta Domínguez-Gil Marta Domínguez-Gil Eduardo Tamayo-Gómez Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu-Leonardo José María Eiros José María Eiros José María Eiros Iván Sanz-Muñoz Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses
description	Influenza B is accountable for an important burden during flu epidemics, causing special impact in children and the elderly. Vaccination is the best approach to address influenza infections. However, one of the main problems of this virus is that two different lineages circulate together, Victoria and Yamagata; and trivalent vaccines, that only contain one of these lineages, are still in use. For that reason, if during an epidemic, the lineage not included in the vaccine predominates, a mismatch would occur, and the vaccine effectiveness will be very poor. In this work, we evaluated the cross-protection given by the trivalent Influenza vaccine and compared serological profiles based on age, sex, and the type of vaccine used. We performed a retrospective analysis of serum samples obtained before and after seasonal influenza vaccination during 20 seasons (1998–2018). The results showed that heterotypic reactivity between both influenza B lineages is common, but always lower than the homologous response. Age is a relevant factor for this cross-reactivity between both lineages, while the sex and the type of vaccine not. Vaccination with trivalent influenza vaccines elicits cross-reactive antibodies against both lineages, however, this response might not be enough to provide an appropriate serological protection in case of mismatch.
format	article
author	Laura Sánchez-de Prada Laura Sánchez-de Prada Silvia Rojo-Rello Silvia Rojo-Rello Marta Domínguez-Gil Marta Domínguez-Gil Eduardo Tamayo-Gómez Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu-Leonardo José María Eiros José María Eiros José María Eiros Iván Sanz-Muñoz
author_facet	Laura Sánchez-de Prada Laura Sánchez-de Prada Silvia Rojo-Rello Silvia Rojo-Rello Marta Domínguez-Gil Marta Domínguez-Gil Eduardo Tamayo-Gómez Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu-Leonardo José María Eiros José María Eiros José María Eiros Iván Sanz-Muñoz
author_sort	Laura Sánchez-de Prada
title	Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses
title_short	Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses
title_full	Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses
title_fullStr	Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses
title_full_unstemmed	Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses
title_sort	influenza b lineages have more in common than meets the eye. trivalent influenza vaccines trigger heterotypic antibodies against both influenza b viruses
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/871c36e087884470a75a19a47cee3f9f
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Influenza B Lineages Have More in Common Than Meets the Eye. Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Trigger Heterotypic Antibodies Against Both Influenza B Viruses

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