The total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO

Abstract Various space missions have measured the total solar irradiance (TSI) since 1978. Among them the experiments Precision Monitoring of Solar Variability (PREMOS) on the PICARD satellite (2010–2014) and the Variability of Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations (VIRGO) on the mission Solar and Hel...

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Autores principales:	W. Finsterle, J. P. Montillet, W. Schmutz, R. Šikonja, L. Kolar, L. Treven
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8729d2e75c6c49778089ce3c9d703250
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8729d2e75c6c49778089ce3c9d7032502021-12-02T14:17:27ZThe total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO10.1038/s41598-021-87108-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8729d2e75c6c49778089ce3c9d7032502021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87108-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Various space missions have measured the total solar irradiance (TSI) since 1978. Among them the experiments Precision Monitoring of Solar Variability (PREMOS) on the PICARD satellite (2010–2014) and the Variability of Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations (VIRGO) on the mission Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, which started in 1996 and is still operational. Like most TSI experiments, they employ a dual-channel approach with different exposure rates to track and correct the inevitable degradation of their radiometers. Until now, the process of degradation correction has been mostly a manual process based on assumed knowledge of the sensor hardware. Here we present a new data-driven process to assess and correct instrument degradation using a machine-learning and data fusion algorithm, that does not require deep knowledge of the sensor hardware. We apply the algorithm to the TSI records of PREMOS and VIRGO and compare the results to the previously published results. The data fusion part of the algorithm can also be used to combine data from different instruments and missions into a composite time series. Based on the fusion of the degradation-corrected VIRGO/PMO6 and VIRGO/DIARAD time series, we find no significant change (i.e $$-0.17\pm 0.29$$ - 0.17 ± 0.29 W/m $$^2$$ 2 ) between the TSI levels during the two most recent solar minima in 2008/09 and 2019/20. The new algorithm can be applied to any TSI experiment that employs a multi-channel philosophy for degradation tracking. It does not require deep technical knowledge of the individual radiometers.W. FinsterleJ. P. MontilletW. SchmutzR. ŠikonjaL. KolarL. TrevenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q W. Finsterle J. P. Montillet W. Schmutz R. Šikonja L. Kolar L. Treven The total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO
description	Abstract Various space missions have measured the total solar irradiance (TSI) since 1978. Among them the experiments Precision Monitoring of Solar Variability (PREMOS) on the PICARD satellite (2010–2014) and the Variability of Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations (VIRGO) on the mission Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, which started in 1996 and is still operational. Like most TSI experiments, they employ a dual-channel approach with different exposure rates to track and correct the inevitable degradation of their radiometers. Until now, the process of degradation correction has been mostly a manual process based on assumed knowledge of the sensor hardware. Here we present a new data-driven process to assess and correct instrument degradation using a machine-learning and data fusion algorithm, that does not require deep knowledge of the sensor hardware. We apply the algorithm to the TSI records of PREMOS and VIRGO and compare the results to the previously published results. The data fusion part of the algorithm can also be used to combine data from different instruments and missions into a composite time series. Based on the fusion of the degradation-corrected VIRGO/PMO6 and VIRGO/DIARAD time series, we find no significant change (i.e $$-0.17\pm 0.29$$ - 0.17 ± 0.29 W/m $$^2$$ 2 ) between the TSI levels during the two most recent solar minima in 2008/09 and 2019/20. The new algorithm can be applied to any TSI experiment that employs a multi-channel philosophy for degradation tracking. It does not require deep technical knowledge of the individual radiometers.
format	article
author	W. Finsterle J. P. Montillet W. Schmutz R. Šikonja L. Kolar L. Treven
author_facet	W. Finsterle J. P. Montillet W. Schmutz R. Šikonja L. Kolar L. Treven
author_sort	W. Finsterle
title	The total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO
title_short	The total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO
title_full	The total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO
title_fullStr	The total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO
title_full_unstemmed	The total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO
title_sort	total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by soho/virgo
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8729d2e75c6c49778089ce3c9d703250
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The total solar irradiance during the recent solar minimum period measured by SOHO/VIRGO

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