Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sarcopenia refers to the age-related loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, which is associated with a reduced quality of life, particularly in older females. Resistance training (RT) is well established to be an effective intervention to counter indices of sarcopenia. Accumulating research indica...

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Autores principales:	Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro dos Santos, Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo, Darren G. Candow, Scott C. Forbes, Jaddy Antunes Guijo, Carla Caroliny de Almeida Santana, Wagner Luiz do Prado, João Paulo Botero
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	aging sarcopenia body composition exercise ergogenic aids dietary supplements Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/872d75609f6b42d499494c6ff86c780a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:872d75609f6b42d499494c6ff86c780a2021-11-25T18:33:49ZEfficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis10.3390/nu131137572072-6643https://doaj.org/article/872d75609f6b42d499494c6ff86c780a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3757https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Sarcopenia refers to the age-related loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, which is associated with a reduced quality of life, particularly in older females. Resistance training (RT) is well established to be an effective intervention to counter indices of sarcopenia. Accumulating research indicates that the addition of creatine supplementation (Cr) to RT augments gains in muscle strength and muscle mass, compared to RT alone. However, some evidence indicates that sex differences may alter the effectiveness of Cr. Therefore, we systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of Cr + RT on measures of upper- and lower-body strength and muscle mass in older females. A systematic literature search was performed in nine electronic databases. Ten RCTs (<i>N</i> = 211 participants) were included the review. Overall, Cr significantly increased measures of upper-body strength (7 studies, <i>n</i> = 142, <i>p</i> = 0.04), with no effect on lower-body strength or measures of muscle mass. Sub-analyses revealed that both upper-body (4 studies, <i>n</i> = 97, <i>p</i> = 0.05) and lower-body strength (4 studies, <i>n</i> = 100, <i>p</i> = 0.03) were increased by Cr, compared to placebo in studies ≥ 24 weeks in duration. In conclusion, older females supplementing with Cr experience significant gains in muscle strength, especially when RT lasts for at least 24 weeks in duration. However, given the level of evidence, future high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro dos SantosRodrigo Cappato de AraújoDarren G. CandowScott C. ForbesJaddy Antunes GuijoCarla Caroliny de Almeida SantanaWagner Luiz do PradoJoão Paulo BoteroMDPI AGarticleagingsarcopeniabody compositionexerciseergogenic aidsdietary supplementsNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3757, p 3757 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aging sarcopenia body composition exercise ergogenic aids dietary supplements Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	aging sarcopenia body composition exercise ergogenic aids dietary supplements Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro dos Santos Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo Darren G. Candow Scott C. Forbes Jaddy Antunes Guijo Carla Caroliny de Almeida Santana Wagner Luiz do Prado João Paulo Botero Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
description	Sarcopenia refers to the age-related loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, which is associated with a reduced quality of life, particularly in older females. Resistance training (RT) is well established to be an effective intervention to counter indices of sarcopenia. Accumulating research indicates that the addition of creatine supplementation (Cr) to RT augments gains in muscle strength and muscle mass, compared to RT alone. However, some evidence indicates that sex differences may alter the effectiveness of Cr. Therefore, we systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of Cr + RT on measures of upper- and lower-body strength and muscle mass in older females. A systematic literature search was performed in nine electronic databases. Ten RCTs (<i>N</i> = 211 participants) were included the review. Overall, Cr significantly increased measures of upper-body strength (7 studies, <i>n</i> = 142, <i>p</i> = 0.04), with no effect on lower-body strength or measures of muscle mass. Sub-analyses revealed that both upper-body (4 studies, <i>n</i> = 97, <i>p</i> = 0.05) and lower-body strength (4 studies, <i>n</i> = 100, <i>p</i> = 0.03) were increased by Cr, compared to placebo in studies ≥ 24 weeks in duration. In conclusion, older females supplementing with Cr experience significant gains in muscle strength, especially when RT lasts for at least 24 weeks in duration. However, given the level of evidence, future high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
format	article
author	Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro dos Santos Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo Darren G. Candow Scott C. Forbes Jaddy Antunes Guijo Carla Caroliny de Almeida Santana Wagner Luiz do Prado João Paulo Botero
author_facet	Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro dos Santos Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo Darren G. Candow Scott C. Forbes Jaddy Antunes Guijo Carla Caroliny de Almeida Santana Wagner Luiz do Prado João Paulo Botero
author_sort	Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro dos Santos
title	Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short	Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full	Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr	Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort	efficacy of creatine supplementation combined with resistance training on muscle strength and muscle mass in older females: a systematic review and meta-analysis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/872d75609f6b42d499494c6ff86c780a
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Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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