Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine

Abstract A crucial aspect of viticulture is finally unveiled as the historical dynamics of its agrobiodiversity are described in the Champagne region for the first time. Outline analyses were carried out to compare the morphology of archaeological grape seeds from Troyes and Reims (first c. AD to fi...

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Autores principales:	Vincent Bonhomme, Jean-Frédéric Terral, Véronique Zech-Matterne, Sarah Ivorra, Thierry Lacombe, Gilles Deborde, Philippe Kuchler, Bertrand Limier, Thierry Pastor, Philippe Rollet, Laurent Bouby
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/873a14f91857427eb9a1f08fd49eed67
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:873a14f91857427eb9a1f08fd49eed672021-12-02T14:16:42ZSeed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine10.1038/s41598-021-81787-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/873a14f91857427eb9a1f08fd49eed672021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81787-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A crucial aspect of viticulture is finally unveiled as the historical dynamics of its agrobiodiversity are described in the Champagne region for the first time. Outline analyses were carried out to compare the morphology of archaeological grape seeds from Troyes and Reims (first c. AD to fifteenth c. AD) with that of a reference collection of modern seeds, including wild vines and traditional grape varieties, believed to be ancient and characteristic of the French vine heritage. This allows us to document the chronological dynamics of the use of the wild Vitis type and of the diversity of the varieties used, based on morphological disparity. After showing the existence of morphological types corresponding to geographical groups, we highlight a geochronological dynamic. Our results show that the wild type is used throughout the series, up to the Middle Ages. In addition, domestic forms, morphologically related to southern varietal groups, are very early involved in the Champagne grape agrodiversity. The groups corresponding to the typical grape varieties of today do not appear until the second millennium. These previously unsuspected dynamics are discussed in light of the social, societal and climatic changes documented for the period.Vincent BonhommeJean-Frédéric TerralVéronique Zech-MatterneSarah IvorraThierry LacombeGilles DebordePhilippe KuchlerBertrand LimierThierry PastorPhilippe RolletLaurent BoubyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Vincent Bonhomme Jean-Frédéric Terral Véronique Zech-Matterne Sarah Ivorra Thierry Lacombe Gilles Deborde Philippe Kuchler Bertrand Limier Thierry Pastor Philippe Rollet Laurent Bouby Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine
description	Abstract A crucial aspect of viticulture is finally unveiled as the historical dynamics of its agrobiodiversity are described in the Champagne region for the first time. Outline analyses were carried out to compare the morphology of archaeological grape seeds from Troyes and Reims (first c. AD to fifteenth c. AD) with that of a reference collection of modern seeds, including wild vines and traditional grape varieties, believed to be ancient and characteristic of the French vine heritage. This allows us to document the chronological dynamics of the use of the wild Vitis type and of the diversity of the varieties used, based on morphological disparity. After showing the existence of morphological types corresponding to geographical groups, we highlight a geochronological dynamic. Our results show that the wild type is used throughout the series, up to the Middle Ages. In addition, domestic forms, morphologically related to southern varietal groups, are very early involved in the Champagne grape agrodiversity. The groups corresponding to the typical grape varieties of today do not appear until the second millennium. These previously unsuspected dynamics are discussed in light of the social, societal and climatic changes documented for the period.
format	article
author	Vincent Bonhomme Jean-Frédéric Terral Véronique Zech-Matterne Sarah Ivorra Thierry Lacombe Gilles Deborde Philippe Kuchler Bertrand Limier Thierry Pastor Philippe Rollet Laurent Bouby
author_facet	Vincent Bonhomme Jean-Frédéric Terral Véronique Zech-Matterne Sarah Ivorra Thierry Lacombe Gilles Deborde Philippe Kuchler Bertrand Limier Thierry Pastor Philippe Rollet Laurent Bouby
author_sort	Vincent Bonhomme
title	Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine
title_short	Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine
title_full	Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine
title_fullStr	Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine
title_full_unstemmed	Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine
title_sort	seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the champagne wine
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/873a14f91857427eb9a1f08fd49eed67
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Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine

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