Effects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems

Early and efficient detection of rare and invasive species is critical for the effective management of their populations. Environmental DNA (eDNA) detection techniques have been used for monitoring soft-bodied organisms (e.g., fishes) and some invertebrates, primarily in freshwater systems, but ther...

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Autores principales:	Laura C. Crane, Jason S. Goldstein, Devin W. Thomas, Kayla S. Rexroth, Alison W. Watts
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	eDNA European green crab (Carcinus maenas) Estuarine ddPCR Detection Invasive species Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/873f8d23d6e34d63bdc01c7f38e58a7e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:873f8d23d6e34d63bdc01c7f38e58a7e2021-12-01T04:45:45ZEffects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107412https://doaj.org/article/873f8d23d6e34d63bdc01c7f38e58a7e2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21000777https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XEarly and efficient detection of rare and invasive species is critical for the effective management of their populations. Environmental DNA (eDNA) detection techniques have been used for monitoring soft-bodied organisms (e.g., fishes) and some invertebrates, primarily in freshwater systems, but there are limited examples of eDNA as a method for monitoring marine crustaceans. The present study evaluates the efficacy of applying eDNA methods for detecting the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in a dynamic estuarine environment, and the effect of crab life stage (sex, molt stage, ovigery, abundance) on eDNA detection rates. An initial field experiment conducted in a local salt marsh system detected no C. maenas eDNA in sediment samples associated with traps containing C. maenas. In subsequent laboratory trials, aquaria containing one or two C. maenas at different life stages (soft-shell, hard-shell, male, female, ovigerous) were evaluated in replicated treatments to test the hypothesis that C. maenas exudes eDNA at higher levels when ovigerous, soft-shell, or at higher abundances. Duplicate sediment slurry and water samples were collected from each aquarium (n = 23) prior to crab addition (T-0), and after 24 h (T-1), 4 days (T-2), and 7 days (T-3). Sediment slurry and water samples were filtered, extracted, and analyzed using a species-specific droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay. In all non-control aquaria, C. maenas eDNA was detected, but concentrations were low (<10 copies/µL) in non-ovigerous treatments. eDNA concentrations were significantly higher in sediment slurry versus water samples for male and ovigerous treatments. Overall, concentrations increased from T-0 to T-1 but did not significantly change from T-1 through T-3. The findings from this study indicate that during most of their life cycle, C. maenas shed low levels of DNA, highlighting the importance of considering life stage and sampling methodology when using eDNA to monitor crustaceans in estuarine environments.Laura C. CraneJason S. GoldsteinDevin W. ThomasKayla S. RexrothAlison W. WattsElsevierarticleeDNAEuropean green crab (Carcinus maenas)EstuarineddPCRDetectionInvasive speciesEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 124, Iss , Pp 107412- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	eDNA European green crab (Carcinus maenas) Estuarine ddPCR Detection Invasive species Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	eDNA European green crab (Carcinus maenas) Estuarine ddPCR Detection Invasive species Ecology QH540-549.5 Laura C. Crane Jason S. Goldstein Devin W. Thomas Kayla S. Rexroth Alison W. Watts Effects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems
description	Early and efficient detection of rare and invasive species is critical for the effective management of their populations. Environmental DNA (eDNA) detection techniques have been used for monitoring soft-bodied organisms (e.g., fishes) and some invertebrates, primarily in freshwater systems, but there are limited examples of eDNA as a method for monitoring marine crustaceans. The present study evaluates the efficacy of applying eDNA methods for detecting the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in a dynamic estuarine environment, and the effect of crab life stage (sex, molt stage, ovigery, abundance) on eDNA detection rates. An initial field experiment conducted in a local salt marsh system detected no C. maenas eDNA in sediment samples associated with traps containing C. maenas. In subsequent laboratory trials, aquaria containing one or two C. maenas at different life stages (soft-shell, hard-shell, male, female, ovigerous) were evaluated in replicated treatments to test the hypothesis that C. maenas exudes eDNA at higher levels when ovigerous, soft-shell, or at higher abundances. Duplicate sediment slurry and water samples were collected from each aquarium (n = 23) prior to crab addition (T-0), and after 24 h (T-1), 4 days (T-2), and 7 days (T-3). Sediment slurry and water samples were filtered, extracted, and analyzed using a species-specific droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay. In all non-control aquaria, C. maenas eDNA was detected, but concentrations were low (<10 copies/µL) in non-ovigerous treatments. eDNA concentrations were significantly higher in sediment slurry versus water samples for male and ovigerous treatments. Overall, concentrations increased from T-0 to T-1 but did not significantly change from T-1 through T-3. The findings from this study indicate that during most of their life cycle, C. maenas shed low levels of DNA, highlighting the importance of considering life stage and sampling methodology when using eDNA to monitor crustaceans in estuarine environments.
format	article
author	Laura C. Crane Jason S. Goldstein Devin W. Thomas Kayla S. Rexroth Alison W. Watts
author_facet	Laura C. Crane Jason S. Goldstein Devin W. Thomas Kayla S. Rexroth Alison W. Watts
author_sort	Laura C. Crane
title	Effects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems
title_short	Effects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems
title_full	Effects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems
title_fullStr	Effects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems
title_sort	effects of life stage on edna detection of the invasive european green crab (carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/873f8d23d6e34d63bdc01c7f38e58a7e
work_keys_str_mv	AT lauraccrane effectsoflifestageonednadetectionoftheinvasiveeuropeangreencrabcarcinusmaenasinestuarinesystems AT jasonsgoldstein effectsoflifestageonednadetectionoftheinvasiveeuropeangreencrabcarcinusmaenasinestuarinesystems AT devinwthomas effectsoflifestageonednadetectionoftheinvasiveeuropeangreencrabcarcinusmaenasinestuarinesystems AT kaylasrexroth effectsoflifestageonednadetectionoftheinvasiveeuropeangreencrabcarcinusmaenasinestuarinesystems AT alisonwwatts effectsoflifestageonednadetectionoftheinvasiveeuropeangreencrabcarcinusmaenasinestuarinesystems
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Effects of life stage on eDNA detection of the invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) in estuarine systems

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