Anaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA

Background: <i>Triatoma protracta</i> is a triatomine found naturally throughout many regions of California and has been shown to invade human dwellings and bite residents. A man living in Mendocino County, California, reported developing anaphylactic reactions due to the bite of an “unu...

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Autores principales:	Norman L. Beatty, Zoe S. White, Chanakya R. Bhosale, Kristen Wilson, Anthony P. Cannella, Tanise Stenn, Nathan Burkett-Cadena, Samantha M. Wisely
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	kissing bug bites triatomine anaphylaxis <i>Triatoma protracta</i> Chagas disease <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/874e304e13c644759bf38efba150c7a5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:874e304e13c644759bf38efba150c7a52021-11-25T17:59:50ZAnaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA10.3390/insects121110182075-4450https://doaj.org/article/874e304e13c644759bf38efba150c7a52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/11/1018https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4450Background: <i>Triatoma protracta</i> is a triatomine found naturally throughout many regions of California and has been shown to invade human dwellings and bite residents. A man living in Mendocino County, California, reported developing anaphylactic reactions due to the bite of an “unusual bug”, which he had found in his home for several years. Methods: We conducted environmental, entomological, and clinical investigations to examine the risk for kissing bug invasion, presence of <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, and concerns for Chagas disease at this human dwelling with triatomine invasion. Results: Home assessment revealed several risk factors for triatomine invasion, which includes pack rat infestation, above-ground wooden plank floor without a concrete foundation, canine living in the home, and lack of residual insecticide use. Triatomines were all identified as <i>Triatoma protracta</i>. Midgut molecular analysis of the collected triatomines revealed the detection of <i>T. cruzi</i> discrete typing unit I among one of the kissing bugs. Blood meal PCR-based analysis showed these triatomines had bitten humans, canine and unidentified snake species. The patient was tested for chronic Chagas disease utilizing rapid diagnostic testing and laboratory serological testing, and all were negative. Conclusions: <i>Triatoma protracta</i> is known to invade human dwellings in the western portions of the United States. This is the first report of <i>T. cruzi</i>-infected triatomines invading homes in Mendocino County, California. <i>Triatoma protracta</i> is a known vector responsible for autochthonous Chagas disease within the United States, and their bites can also trigger serious systemic allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis.Norman L. BeattyZoe S. WhiteChanakya R. BhosaleKristen WilsonAnthony P. CannellaTanise StennNathan Burkett-CadenaSamantha M. WiselyMDPI AGarticlekissing bug bitestriatomineanaphylaxis<i>Triatoma protracta</i>Chagas disease<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>ScienceQENInsects, Vol 12, Iss 1018, p 1018 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	kissing bug bites triatomine anaphylaxis <i>Triatoma protracta</i> Chagas disease <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Science Q
spellingShingle	kissing bug bites triatomine anaphylaxis <i>Triatoma protracta</i> Chagas disease <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Science Q Norman L. Beatty Zoe S. White Chanakya R. Bhosale Kristen Wilson Anthony P. Cannella Tanise Stenn Nathan Burkett-Cadena Samantha M. Wisely Anaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA
description	Background: <i>Triatoma protracta</i> is a triatomine found naturally throughout many regions of California and has been shown to invade human dwellings and bite residents. A man living in Mendocino County, California, reported developing anaphylactic reactions due to the bite of an “unusual bug”, which he had found in his home for several years. Methods: We conducted environmental, entomological, and clinical investigations to examine the risk for kissing bug invasion, presence of <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, and concerns for Chagas disease at this human dwelling with triatomine invasion. Results: Home assessment revealed several risk factors for triatomine invasion, which includes pack rat infestation, above-ground wooden plank floor without a concrete foundation, canine living in the home, and lack of residual insecticide use. Triatomines were all identified as <i>Triatoma protracta</i>. Midgut molecular analysis of the collected triatomines revealed the detection of <i>T. cruzi</i> discrete typing unit I among one of the kissing bugs. Blood meal PCR-based analysis showed these triatomines had bitten humans, canine and unidentified snake species. The patient was tested for chronic Chagas disease utilizing rapid diagnostic testing and laboratory serological testing, and all were negative. Conclusions: <i>Triatoma protracta</i> is known to invade human dwellings in the western portions of the United States. This is the first report of <i>T. cruzi</i>-infected triatomines invading homes in Mendocino County, California. <i>Triatoma protracta</i> is a known vector responsible for autochthonous Chagas disease within the United States, and their bites can also trigger serious systemic allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis.
format	article
author	Norman L. Beatty Zoe S. White Chanakya R. Bhosale Kristen Wilson Anthony P. Cannella Tanise Stenn Nathan Burkett-Cadena Samantha M. Wisely
author_facet	Norman L. Beatty Zoe S. White Chanakya R. Bhosale Kristen Wilson Anthony P. Cannella Tanise Stenn Nathan Burkett-Cadena Samantha M. Wisely
author_sort	Norman L. Beatty
title	Anaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA
title_short	Anaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA
title_full	Anaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA
title_fullStr	Anaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA
title_full_unstemmed	Anaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA
title_sort	anaphylactic reactions due to <i>triatoma protracta</i> (hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae) and invasion into a home in northern california, usa
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/874e304e13c644759bf38efba150c7a5
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Anaphylactic Reactions Due to <i>Triatoma protracta</i> (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) and Invasion into a Home in Northern California, USA

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