Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders

Neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression contribute significantly to global disability and possess high social and health burden. Management is dominated by pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy; nevertheless, such treatments prevent or treat less than half of the patients, suggesting that alter...

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Autores principales:	Haritov E., Garalova M., Tivcheva J., Angelov T., Stamenov V.
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Sciendo 2020
Materias:	brain caloric restriction depression caloric restriction mimetics neuroinflammation Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8759dc949615409f96e4516b843f9241
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8759dc949615409f96e4516b843f92412021-12-02T17:31:30ZMechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders0324-175010.2478/amb-2020-0025https://doaj.org/article/8759dc949615409f96e4516b843f92412020-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2020-0025https://doaj.org/toc/0324-1750Neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression contribute significantly to global disability and possess high social and health burden. Management is dominated by pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy; nevertheless, such treatments prevent or treat less than half of the patients, suggesting that alternative approaches are required. Emerging data suggest that diet may be an adjustable risk factor for psychiatric disorders. Caloric restriction (CR) possesses protective effects in almost all organs including the brain. However, the precise molecular pathways of these effects remain uncertain. In this review, we will discuss the putative neurobiological mechanisms of CR on the brain. The article will address also the molecular basis of the antidepressant effects of CR, primarily including ghrelin signaling, CREB neurotropic effects and ketone bodies production. Then we will highlight the probable effect of CR on the neuroinflammation, which emerges as a key pathogenetic factor for the majority of neuropsychiatric disorders. Finally, we discuss the so called caloric restriction mimetics, compounds that reproduce properties of CR. Further research will be required to verify the safety and efficacy of CR before a general approval can be proposed to introduce it and its mimetics in clinical practice for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.Haritov E.Garalova M.Tivcheva J.Angelov T.Stamenov V.Sciendoarticlebraincaloric restrictiondepressioncaloric restriction mimeticsneuroinflammationMedicineRENActa Medica Bulgarica, Vol 47, Iss 2, Pp 55-63 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	brain caloric restriction depression caloric restriction mimetics neuroinflammation Medicine R
spellingShingle	brain caloric restriction depression caloric restriction mimetics neuroinflammation Medicine R Haritov E. Garalova M. Tivcheva J. Angelov T. Stamenov V. Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders
description	Neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression contribute significantly to global disability and possess high social and health burden. Management is dominated by pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy; nevertheless, such treatments prevent or treat less than half of the patients, suggesting that alternative approaches are required. Emerging data suggest that diet may be an adjustable risk factor for psychiatric disorders. Caloric restriction (CR) possesses protective effects in almost all organs including the brain. However, the precise molecular pathways of these effects remain uncertain. In this review, we will discuss the putative neurobiological mechanisms of CR on the brain. The article will address also the molecular basis of the antidepressant effects of CR, primarily including ghrelin signaling, CREB neurotropic effects and ketone bodies production. Then we will highlight the probable effect of CR on the neuroinflammation, which emerges as a key pathogenetic factor for the majority of neuropsychiatric disorders. Finally, we discuss the so called caloric restriction mimetics, compounds that reproduce properties of CR. Further research will be required to verify the safety and efficacy of CR before a general approval can be proposed to introduce it and its mimetics in clinical practice for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
format	article
author	Haritov E. Garalova M. Tivcheva J. Angelov T. Stamenov V.
author_facet	Haritov E. Garalova M. Tivcheva J. Angelov T. Stamenov V.
author_sort	Haritov E.
title	Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders
title_short	Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders
title_full	Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders
title_fullStr	Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders
title_sort	mechanisms and effects of dietary restriction on cns and affective disorders
publisher	Sciendo
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/8759dc949615409f96e4516b843f9241
work_keys_str_mv	AT haritove mechanismsandeffectsofdietaryrestrictiononcnsandaffectivedisorders AT garalovam mechanismsandeffectsofdietaryrestrictiononcnsandaffectivedisorders AT tivchevaj mechanismsandeffectsofdietaryrestrictiononcnsandaffectivedisorders AT angelovt mechanismsandeffectsofdietaryrestrictiononcnsandaffectivedisorders AT stamenovv mechanismsandeffectsofdietaryrestrictiononcnsandaffectivedisorders
_version_	1718380565719154688

Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders

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