An assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.

Interval timing is a key element of foraging theory, models of predator avoidance, and competitive interactions. Although interval timing is well documented in vertebrate species, it is virtually unstudied in invertebrates. In the present experiment, we used free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera li...

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Autores principales:	David Philip Arthur Craig, Christopher A Varnon, Michel B C Sokolowski, Harrington Wells, Charles I Abramson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/876420e2d98d4858b404db7d2f6e5fb9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:876420e2d98d4858b404db7d2f6e5fb92021-11-25T06:10:06ZAn assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0101262https://doaj.org/article/876420e2d98d4858b404db7d2f6e5fb92014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24983960/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Interval timing is a key element of foraging theory, models of predator avoidance, and competitive interactions. Although interval timing is well documented in vertebrate species, it is virtually unstudied in invertebrates. In the present experiment, we used free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica) as a model for timing behaviors. Subjects were trained to enter a hole in an automated artificial flower to receive a nectar reinforcer (i.e. reward). Responses were continuously reinforced prior to exposure to either a fixed interval (FI) 15-sec, FI 30-sec, FI 60-sec, or FI 120-sec reinforcement schedule. We measured response rate and post-reinforcement pause within each fixed interval trial between reinforcers. Honey bees responded at higher frequencies earlier in the fixed interval suggesting subject responding did not come under traditional forms of temporal control. Response rates were lower during FI conditions compared to performance on continuous reinforcement schedules, and responding was more resistant to extinction when previously reinforced on FI schedules. However, no "scalloped" or "break-and-run" patterns of group or individual responses reinforced on FI schedules were observed; no traditional evidence of temporal control was found. Finally, longer FI schedules eventually caused all subjects to cease returning to the operant chamber indicating subjects did not tolerate the longer FI schedules.David Philip Arthur CraigChristopher A VarnonMichel B C SokolowskiHarrington WellsCharles I AbramsonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 7, p e101262 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q David Philip Arthur Craig Christopher A Varnon Michel B C Sokolowski Harrington Wells Charles I Abramson An assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.
description	Interval timing is a key element of foraging theory, models of predator avoidance, and competitive interactions. Although interval timing is well documented in vertebrate species, it is virtually unstudied in invertebrates. In the present experiment, we used free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica) as a model for timing behaviors. Subjects were trained to enter a hole in an automated artificial flower to receive a nectar reinforcer (i.e. reward). Responses were continuously reinforced prior to exposure to either a fixed interval (FI) 15-sec, FI 30-sec, FI 60-sec, or FI 120-sec reinforcement schedule. We measured response rate and post-reinforcement pause within each fixed interval trial between reinforcers. Honey bees responded at higher frequencies earlier in the fixed interval suggesting subject responding did not come under traditional forms of temporal control. Response rates were lower during FI conditions compared to performance on continuous reinforcement schedules, and responding was more resistant to extinction when previously reinforced on FI schedules. However, no "scalloped" or "break-and-run" patterns of group or individual responses reinforced on FI schedules were observed; no traditional evidence of temporal control was found. Finally, longer FI schedules eventually caused all subjects to cease returning to the operant chamber indicating subjects did not tolerate the longer FI schedules.
format	article
author	David Philip Arthur Craig Christopher A Varnon Michel B C Sokolowski Harrington Wells Charles I Abramson
author_facet	David Philip Arthur Craig Christopher A Varnon Michel B C Sokolowski Harrington Wells Charles I Abramson
author_sort	David Philip Arthur Craig
title	An assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.
title_short	An assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.
title_full	An assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.
title_fullStr	An assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.
title_full_unstemmed	An assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.
title_sort	assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/876420e2d98d4858b404db7d2f6e5fb9
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An assessment of fixed interval timing in free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica): an analysis of individual performance.

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