Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment

Modern societies use a continuously growing number of chemicals. Because these are released into the environment and are taken up by humans, rigorous (but practicable) risk assessment must precede the approval of new substances for commerce. A number of tests is applicable, but it has been very diff...

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Autores principales:	Peter Machnik, Stefan Schuster
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chemical safety risk assessment risk management brain function neuronal function synaptic balance Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/876a7afdc849493590eb05cc39f0381f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:876a7afdc849493590eb05cc39f0381f2021-11-25T18:28:33ZRecording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment10.3390/molecules262269351420-3049https://doaj.org/article/876a7afdc849493590eb05cc39f0381f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/22/6935https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049Modern societies use a continuously growing number of chemicals. Because these are released into the environment and are taken up by humans, rigorous (but practicable) risk assessment must precede the approval of new substances for commerce. A number of tests is applicable, but it has been very difficult to efficiently assay the effect of chemicals on communication and information processing in vivo in the adult vertebrate brain. Here, we suggest a straightforward way to rapidly and accurately detect effects of chemical exposure on action potential generation, synaptic transmission, central information processing, and even processing in sensory systems in vivo by recording from a single neuron. The approach is possible in an identified neuron in the hindbrain of fish that integrates various sources of information and whose properties are ideal for rapid analysis of the various effects chemicals can have on the nervous system. The analysis uses fish but, as we discuss here, key neuronal functions are conserved and differences can only be due to differences in metabolism or passage into the brain, factors that can easily be determined. Speed and efficiency of the method, therefore, make it suitable to provide information in risk assessment, as we illustrate here with the effects of bisphenols on adult brain function.Peter MachnikStefan SchusterMDPI AGarticlechemical safetyrisk assessmentrisk managementbrain functionneuronal functionsynaptic balanceOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6935, p 6935 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chemical safety risk assessment risk management brain function neuronal function synaptic balance Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	chemical safety risk assessment risk management brain function neuronal function synaptic balance Organic chemistry QD241-441 Peter Machnik Stefan Schuster Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment
description	Modern societies use a continuously growing number of chemicals. Because these are released into the environment and are taken up by humans, rigorous (but practicable) risk assessment must precede the approval of new substances for commerce. A number of tests is applicable, but it has been very difficult to efficiently assay the effect of chemicals on communication and information processing in vivo in the adult vertebrate brain. Here, we suggest a straightforward way to rapidly and accurately detect effects of chemical exposure on action potential generation, synaptic transmission, central information processing, and even processing in sensory systems in vivo by recording from a single neuron. The approach is possible in an identified neuron in the hindbrain of fish that integrates various sources of information and whose properties are ideal for rapid analysis of the various effects chemicals can have on the nervous system. The analysis uses fish but, as we discuss here, key neuronal functions are conserved and differences can only be due to differences in metabolism or passage into the brain, factors that can easily be determined. Speed and efficiency of the method, therefore, make it suitable to provide information in risk assessment, as we illustrate here with the effects of bisphenols on adult brain function.
format	article
author	Peter Machnik Stefan Schuster
author_facet	Peter Machnik Stefan Schuster
author_sort	Peter Machnik
title	Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment
title_short	Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment
title_full	Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment
title_fullStr	Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment
title_full_unstemmed	Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment
title_sort	recording from an identified neuron efficiently reveals hazard for brain function in risk assessment
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/876a7afdc849493590eb05cc39f0381f
work_keys_str_mv	AT petermachnik recordingfromanidentifiedneuronefficientlyrevealshazardforbrainfunctioninriskassessment AT stefanschuster recordingfromanidentifiedneuronefficientlyrevealshazardforbrainfunctioninriskassessment
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Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment

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