In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole

Urinary tract infections are common in dogs, necessitating antimicrobial therapy. We determined the speed and extent of in vitro killing of canine urinary tract infection pathogens by five antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, cephalexin, marbofloxacin, pradofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole)...

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Autores principales:	Joseph M. Blondeau, Shantelle D. Fitch
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	urinary tract pathogens antibiotics in vitro killing Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/87e4dc8055784070ab90eab63d77d74e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:87e4dc8055784070ab90eab63d77d74e2021-11-25T18:24:48ZIn Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole10.3390/microorganisms91122792076-2607https://doaj.org/article/87e4dc8055784070ab90eab63d77d74e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2279https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607Urinary tract infections are common in dogs, necessitating antimicrobial therapy. We determined the speed and extent of in vitro killing of canine urinary tract infection pathogens by five antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, cephalexin, marbofloxacin, pradofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) following the first 3 h of drug exposure. Minimum inhibitory and mutant prevention drug concentrations were determined for each strain. In vitro killing was determined by exposing bacteria to clinically relevant drug concentrations and recording the log<sub>10</sub> reduction and percent kill in viable cells at timed intervals. Marbofloxacin and pradofloxacin killed more bacterial cells, and faster than other agents, depending on the time of sampling and drug concentration. Significant differences were seen between drugs for killing <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> strains. At the maximum urine drug concentrations, significantly more <i>E. coli</i> cells were killed by marbofloxacin than by ampicillin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), cephalexin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and TMP/SMX (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and by pradofloxacin than by cephalexin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and TMP/SMX (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), following 5 min of drug exposure. Rapid killing of bacteria should inform thinking on drug selection for short course therapy for uncomplicated UTIs, without compromising patient care, and is consistent with appropriate antimicrobial use and stewardship principles.Joseph M. BlondeauShantelle D. FitchMDPI AGarticleurinary tract pathogensantibioticsin vitro killingBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2279, p 2279 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	urinary tract pathogens antibiotics in vitro killing Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	urinary tract pathogens antibiotics in vitro killing Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Joseph M. Blondeau Shantelle D. Fitch In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
description	Urinary tract infections are common in dogs, necessitating antimicrobial therapy. We determined the speed and extent of in vitro killing of canine urinary tract infection pathogens by five antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, cephalexin, marbofloxacin, pradofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) following the first 3 h of drug exposure. Minimum inhibitory and mutant prevention drug concentrations were determined for each strain. In vitro killing was determined by exposing bacteria to clinically relevant drug concentrations and recording the log<sub>10</sub> reduction and percent kill in viable cells at timed intervals. Marbofloxacin and pradofloxacin killed more bacterial cells, and faster than other agents, depending on the time of sampling and drug concentration. Significant differences were seen between drugs for killing <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> strains. At the maximum urine drug concentrations, significantly more <i>E. coli</i> cells were killed by marbofloxacin than by ampicillin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), cephalexin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and TMP/SMX (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and by pradofloxacin than by cephalexin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and TMP/SMX (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), following 5 min of drug exposure. Rapid killing of bacteria should inform thinking on drug selection for short course therapy for uncomplicated UTIs, without compromising patient care, and is consistent with appropriate antimicrobial use and stewardship principles.
format	article
author	Joseph M. Blondeau Shantelle D. Fitch
author_facet	Joseph M. Blondeau Shantelle D. Fitch
author_sort	Joseph M. Blondeau
title	In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
title_short	In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
title_full	In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
title_fullStr	In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
title_full_unstemmed	In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
title_sort	in vitro killing of canine urinary tract infection pathogens by ampicillin, cephalexin, marbofloxacin, pradofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/87e4dc8055784070ab90eab63d77d74e
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In Vitro Killing of Canine Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Marbofloxacin, Pradofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole

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