Le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives

In this paper I continue the reflections I presented at the meeting held at Strasbourg in 2015 concerning Ethiopian megalithism. Here I aim more particularly to investigate the issue of the relationships between the notion of primitive democracy and the concept of the aristocratic class developed by...

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Autor principal:	Alain Gallay
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN FR
Publicado:	OpenEdition 2018
Materias:	megalithism primitive democracy aristocracy lineage ranking slave trade Archaeology CC1-960 History of the arts NX440-632
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/88014ca15a1b4ad9b30e3e2f9b208184
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:88014ca15a1b4ad9b30e3e2f9b208184
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:88014ca15a1b4ad9b30e3e2f9b2081842021-12-02T10:47:35ZLe monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives2431-204510.4000/aaa.1730https://doaj.org/article/88014ca15a1b4ad9b30e3e2f9b2081842018-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://journals.openedition.org/aaa/1730https://doaj.org/toc/2431-2045In this paper I continue the reflections I presented at the meeting held at Strasbourg in 2015 concerning Ethiopian megalithism. Here I aim more particularly to investigate the issue of the relationships between the notion of primitive democracy and the concept of the aristocratic class developed by A. Jensen (1936). The understanding of these issues requires the explanation of a distinct number of theoretical anthropological concepts related to politics, more particularly the concept of primitive democracy advanced by Alain Testart. The funerary monumentalism of the Konso people can only be understood within the context of distinct ranking of the society, which is founded on warlike or religious prerogatives that prevail depending on the historical circumstances. As regards the monuments it is possible to distinguish stones erected in the village squares and tombs with statues carved from wood, the waga. These latter monuments figure either renowned warriors, which are considered to be heroes, or poqolla, currently ritual chiefs who are excluded from soldiery. The monograph written by A. Jensen (1936) nonetheless poses the difficult problem of interpretation in that it presents the poqolla as building an aristocracy that draws its legitimacy from its warring prowess and its ritual functions, which appears to be in contradiction with the current situation and with the concept of primitive democracy. Two Omotic-speaking groups, the Gama people and the Yem people, make it possible to widen the debate. On a cladistics basis a dynamic structure of the considered societies can be proposed founded on ten stages of transformation. From a historical perspective, this structure leads to possible correlation between the ranking observed by A. Jensen for the Konso people and the emergence of slave trade. This theoretical proposition is in accordance with the knowledge of social anthropology regarding the local and African groups as well as with the recent historical context.Alain GallayOpenEditionarticlemegalithismprimitive democracyaristocracylineage rankingslave tradeArchaeologyCC1-960History of the artsNX440-632ENFRAfrique Archéologie Arts, Vol 14, Pp 45-76 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN FR
topic	megalithism primitive democracy aristocracy lineage ranking slave trade Archaeology CC1-960 History of the arts NX440-632
spellingShingle	megalithism primitive democracy aristocracy lineage ranking slave trade Archaeology CC1-960 History of the arts NX440-632 Alain Gallay Le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives
description	In this paper I continue the reflections I presented at the meeting held at Strasbourg in 2015 concerning Ethiopian megalithism. Here I aim more particularly to investigate the issue of the relationships between the notion of primitive democracy and the concept of the aristocratic class developed by A. Jensen (1936). The understanding of these issues requires the explanation of a distinct number of theoretical anthropological concepts related to politics, more particularly the concept of primitive democracy advanced by Alain Testart. The funerary monumentalism of the Konso people can only be understood within the context of distinct ranking of the society, which is founded on warlike or religious prerogatives that prevail depending on the historical circumstances. As regards the monuments it is possible to distinguish stones erected in the village squares and tombs with statues carved from wood, the waga. These latter monuments figure either renowned warriors, which are considered to be heroes, or poqolla, currently ritual chiefs who are excluded from soldiery. The monograph written by A. Jensen (1936) nonetheless poses the difficult problem of interpretation in that it presents the poqolla as building an aristocracy that draws its legitimacy from its warring prowess and its ritual functions, which appears to be in contradiction with the current situation and with the concept of primitive democracy. Two Omotic-speaking groups, the Gama people and the Yem people, make it possible to widen the debate. On a cladistics basis a dynamic structure of the considered societies can be proposed founded on ten stages of transformation. From a historical perspective, this structure leads to possible correlation between the ranking observed by A. Jensen for the Konso people and the emergence of slave trade. This theoretical proposition is in accordance with the knowledge of social anthropology regarding the local and African groups as well as with the recent historical context.
format	article
author	Alain Gallay
author_facet	Alain Gallay
author_sort	Alain Gallay
title	Le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives
title_short	Le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives
title_full	Le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives
title_fullStr	Le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives
title_full_unstemmed	Le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives
title_sort	le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives
publisher	OpenEdition
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/88014ca15a1b4ad9b30e3e2f9b208184
work_keys_str_mv	AT alaingallay lemonumentalismefunerairerecentdethiopieetlaquestiondesdemocratiesprimitives
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Le monumentalisme funéraire récent d’Éthiopie et la question des démocraties primitives

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