Within-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus

Abstract The existence of multipartite viruses is an intriguing mystery in evolutionary virology. Several hypotheses suggest benefits that should outweigh the costs of a reduced transmission efficiency and of segregation of coadapted genes associated with encapsidating each segment into a different...

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Autores principales:	Beilei Wu, Mark P. Zwart, Jesús A. Sánchez-Navarro, Santiago F. Elena
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8815b20fcfeb4208bfe3860488a520ac
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8815b20fcfeb4208bfe3860488a520ac2021-12-02T12:32:54ZWithin-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus10.1038/s41598-017-05335-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8815b20fcfeb4208bfe3860488a520ac2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05335-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The existence of multipartite viruses is an intriguing mystery in evolutionary virology. Several hypotheses suggest benefits that should outweigh the costs of a reduced transmission efficiency and of segregation of coadapted genes associated with encapsidating each segment into a different particle. Advantages range from increasing genome size despite high mutation rates, faster replication, more efficient selection resulting from reassortment during mixed infections, better regulation of gene expression, or enhanced virion stability and cell-to-cell movement. However, support for these hypotheses is scarce. Here we report experiments testing whether an evolutionary stable equilibrium exists for the three genomic RNAs of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV). Starting infections with different segment combinations, we found that the relative abundance of each segment evolves towards a constant ratio. Population genetic analyses show that the segment ratio at this equilibrium is determined by frequency-dependent selection. Replication of RNAs 1 and 2 was coupled and collaborative, whereas the replication of RNA 3 interfered with the replication of the other two. We found that the equilibrium solution is slightly different for the total amounts of RNA produced and encapsidated, suggesting that competition exists between all RNAs during encapsidation. Finally, we found that the observed equilibrium appears to be host-species dependent.Beilei WuMark P. ZwartJesús A. Sánchez-NavarroSantiago F. ElenaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Beilei Wu Mark P. Zwart Jesús A. Sánchez-Navarro Santiago F. Elena Within-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus
description	Abstract The existence of multipartite viruses is an intriguing mystery in evolutionary virology. Several hypotheses suggest benefits that should outweigh the costs of a reduced transmission efficiency and of segregation of coadapted genes associated with encapsidating each segment into a different particle. Advantages range from increasing genome size despite high mutation rates, faster replication, more efficient selection resulting from reassortment during mixed infections, better regulation of gene expression, or enhanced virion stability and cell-to-cell movement. However, support for these hypotheses is scarce. Here we report experiments testing whether an evolutionary stable equilibrium exists for the three genomic RNAs of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV). Starting infections with different segment combinations, we found that the relative abundance of each segment evolves towards a constant ratio. Population genetic analyses show that the segment ratio at this equilibrium is determined by frequency-dependent selection. Replication of RNAs 1 and 2 was coupled and collaborative, whereas the replication of RNA 3 interfered with the replication of the other two. We found that the equilibrium solution is slightly different for the total amounts of RNA produced and encapsidated, suggesting that competition exists between all RNAs during encapsidation. Finally, we found that the observed equilibrium appears to be host-species dependent.
format	article
author	Beilei Wu Mark P. Zwart Jesús A. Sánchez-Navarro Santiago F. Elena
author_facet	Beilei Wu Mark P. Zwart Jesús A. Sánchez-Navarro Santiago F. Elena
author_sort	Beilei Wu
title	Within-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus
title_short	Within-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus
title_full	Within-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus
title_fullStr	Within-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus
title_full_unstemmed	Within-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus
title_sort	within-host evolution of segments ratio for the tripartite genome of alfalfa mosaic virus
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/8815b20fcfeb4208bfe3860488a520ac
work_keys_str_mv	AT beileiwu withinhostevolutionofsegmentsratioforthetripartitegenomeofalfalfamosaicvirus AT markpzwart withinhostevolutionofsegmentsratioforthetripartitegenomeofalfalfamosaicvirus AT jesusasancheznavarro withinhostevolutionofsegmentsratioforthetripartitegenomeofalfalfamosaicvirus AT santiagofelena withinhostevolutionofsegmentsratioforthetripartitegenomeofalfalfamosaicvirus
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Within-host Evolution of Segments Ratio for the Tripartite Genome of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus

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