Neuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter that has been implicated in the development of anxiety and mood disorders. Low levels of NPY have been associated with risk for these disorders, and high levels with resilience. Anxiety and depression are associated with altered intrinsic functional connect...

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Autores principales:	Katherine G. Warthen, Robert C. Welsh, Benjamin Sanford, Vincent Koppelmans, Margit Burmeister, Brian J. Mickey
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	neuropeptide Y dynamic connectivity LEiDA graph theory fMRI Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/88273298dddd44b493b28fcee51688ca
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:88273298dddd44b493b28fcee51688ca2021-11-18T05:16:34ZNeuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network1662-513710.3389/fnsys.2021.629488https://doaj.org/article/88273298dddd44b493b28fcee51688ca2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2021.629488/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5137Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter that has been implicated in the development of anxiety and mood disorders. Low levels of NPY have been associated with risk for these disorders, and high levels with resilience. Anxiety and depression are associated with altered intrinsic functional connectivity of brain networks, but the effect of NPY on functional connectivity is not known. Here, we test the hypothesis that individual differences in NPY expression affect resting functional connectivity of the default mode and salience networks. We evaluated static connectivity using graph theoretical techniques and dynamic connectivity with Leading Eigenvector Dynamics Analysis (LEiDA). To increase our power of detecting NPY effects, we genotyped 221 individuals and identified 29 healthy subjects at the extremes of genetically predicted NPY expression (12 high, 17 low). Static connectivity analysis revealed that lower levels of NPY were associated with shorter path lengths, higher global efficiency, higher clustering, higher small-worldness, and average higher node strength within the salience network, whereas subjects with high NPY expression displayed higher modularity and node eccentricity within the salience network. Dynamic connectivity analysis showed that the salience network of low-NPY subjects spent more time in a highly coordinated state relative to high-NPY subjects, and the salience network of high-NPY subjects switched between states more frequently. No group differences were found for static or dynamic connectivity of the default mode network. These findings suggest that genetically driven individual differences in NPY expression influence risk of mood and anxiety disorders by altering the intrinsic functional connectivity of the salience network.Katherine G. WarthenRobert C. WelshBenjamin SanfordVincent KoppelmansMargit BurmeisterBrian J. MickeyFrontiers Media S.A.articleneuropeptide Ydynamic connectivityLEiDAgraph theoryfMRINeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	neuropeptide Y dynamic connectivity LEiDA graph theory fMRI Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	neuropeptide Y dynamic connectivity LEiDA graph theory fMRI Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Katherine G. Warthen Robert C. Welsh Benjamin Sanford Vincent Koppelmans Margit Burmeister Brian J. Mickey Neuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network
description	Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter that has been implicated in the development of anxiety and mood disorders. Low levels of NPY have been associated with risk for these disorders, and high levels with resilience. Anxiety and depression are associated with altered intrinsic functional connectivity of brain networks, but the effect of NPY on functional connectivity is not known. Here, we test the hypothesis that individual differences in NPY expression affect resting functional connectivity of the default mode and salience networks. We evaluated static connectivity using graph theoretical techniques and dynamic connectivity with Leading Eigenvector Dynamics Analysis (LEiDA). To increase our power of detecting NPY effects, we genotyped 221 individuals and identified 29 healthy subjects at the extremes of genetically predicted NPY expression (12 high, 17 low). Static connectivity analysis revealed that lower levels of NPY were associated with shorter path lengths, higher global efficiency, higher clustering, higher small-worldness, and average higher node strength within the salience network, whereas subjects with high NPY expression displayed higher modularity and node eccentricity within the salience network. Dynamic connectivity analysis showed that the salience network of low-NPY subjects spent more time in a highly coordinated state relative to high-NPY subjects, and the salience network of high-NPY subjects switched between states more frequently. No group differences were found for static or dynamic connectivity of the default mode network. These findings suggest that genetically driven individual differences in NPY expression influence risk of mood and anxiety disorders by altering the intrinsic functional connectivity of the salience network.
format	article
author	Katherine G. Warthen Robert C. Welsh Benjamin Sanford Vincent Koppelmans Margit Burmeister Brian J. Mickey
author_facet	Katherine G. Warthen Robert C. Welsh Benjamin Sanford Vincent Koppelmans Margit Burmeister Brian J. Mickey
author_sort	Katherine G. Warthen
title	Neuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network
title_short	Neuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network
title_full	Neuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network
title_fullStr	Neuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network
title_full_unstemmed	Neuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network
title_sort	neuropeptide y variation is associated with altered static and dynamic functional connectivity of the salience network
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/88273298dddd44b493b28fcee51688ca
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Neuropeptide Y Variation Is Associated With Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network

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