Epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract

Abstract Reptilian ferlavirus, a pathogen of serious concern in snakes, has been reported in Western countries, but little is known about its prevalence in Thailand, where many snake breeding farms are located. In this study, we investigated the reptilian ferlavirus via swab samples derived from 49...

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Autores principales:	Chutchai Piewbang, Sabrina Wahyu Wardhani, Panida Poonsin, Jakarwan Yostawonkul, Poowadon Chai-in, Sitthichok Lacharoje, Thanyarat Saengdet, Taksa Vasaruchapong, Suwimon Boonrungsiman, Piyaporn Kongmakee, Wijit Banlunara, Anudep Rungsipipat, Tanit Kasantikul, Somporn Techangamsuwan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/88386bcb32c04b788446645c73dd0d98
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:88386bcb32c04b788446645c73dd0d982021-12-02T17:23:47ZEpizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract10.1038/s41598-021-92156-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/88386bcb32c04b788446645c73dd0d982021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92156-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Reptilian ferlavirus, a pathogen of serious concern in snakes, has been reported in Western countries, but little is known about its prevalence in Thailand, where many snake breeding farms are located. In this study, we investigated the reptilian ferlavirus via swab samples derived from 49 diseased snakes and 77 healthy snakes as well as tissue samples taken from nine dead snakes from five independent snake farms. Using molecular detection, we found the ferlavirus in 8.16% of diseased snakes, but not in healthy snakes. Out of nine farmed snakes, eight snakes derived from four farms were found to be positive. Four complete genome sequences of the ferlavirus were successfully obtained and phylogenetically clustered to the highly pathogenic ferlavirus. Tissue tropism of the ferlavirus was identified in various epithelial cell types using the in situ hybridization technique. Interestingly, the hybridization signals were strongly labeled in the male genital tract. Transmission electron microscopy was used to support the ferlaviral localization in the male genital tract. This study provides the first evidence of ferlavirus localization in the male genital tract and contributes to the knowledge about ferlavirus epidemiology, indicating that there needs to be further awareness and elucidation regarding vertical transmission of reptilian ferlavirus.Chutchai PiewbangSabrina Wahyu WardhaniPanida PoonsinJakarwan YostawonkulPoowadon Chai-inSitthichok LacharojeThanyarat SaengdetTaksa VasaruchapongSuwimon BoonrungsimanPiyaporn KongmakeeWijit BanlunaraAnudep RungsipipatTanit KasantikulSomporn TechangamsuwanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Chutchai Piewbang Sabrina Wahyu Wardhani Panida Poonsin Jakarwan Yostawonkul Poowadon Chai-in Sitthichok Lacharoje Thanyarat Saengdet Taksa Vasaruchapong Suwimon Boonrungsiman Piyaporn Kongmakee Wijit Banlunara Anudep Rungsipipat Tanit Kasantikul Somporn Techangamsuwan Epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract
description	Abstract Reptilian ferlavirus, a pathogen of serious concern in snakes, has been reported in Western countries, but little is known about its prevalence in Thailand, where many snake breeding farms are located. In this study, we investigated the reptilian ferlavirus via swab samples derived from 49 diseased snakes and 77 healthy snakes as well as tissue samples taken from nine dead snakes from five independent snake farms. Using molecular detection, we found the ferlavirus in 8.16% of diseased snakes, but not in healthy snakes. Out of nine farmed snakes, eight snakes derived from four farms were found to be positive. Four complete genome sequences of the ferlavirus were successfully obtained and phylogenetically clustered to the highly pathogenic ferlavirus. Tissue tropism of the ferlavirus was identified in various epithelial cell types using the in situ hybridization technique. Interestingly, the hybridization signals were strongly labeled in the male genital tract. Transmission electron microscopy was used to support the ferlaviral localization in the male genital tract. This study provides the first evidence of ferlavirus localization in the male genital tract and contributes to the knowledge about ferlavirus epidemiology, indicating that there needs to be further awareness and elucidation regarding vertical transmission of reptilian ferlavirus.
format	article
author	Chutchai Piewbang Sabrina Wahyu Wardhani Panida Poonsin Jakarwan Yostawonkul Poowadon Chai-in Sitthichok Lacharoje Thanyarat Saengdet Taksa Vasaruchapong Suwimon Boonrungsiman Piyaporn Kongmakee Wijit Banlunara Anudep Rungsipipat Tanit Kasantikul Somporn Techangamsuwan
author_facet	Chutchai Piewbang Sabrina Wahyu Wardhani Panida Poonsin Jakarwan Yostawonkul Poowadon Chai-in Sitthichok Lacharoje Thanyarat Saengdet Taksa Vasaruchapong Suwimon Boonrungsiman Piyaporn Kongmakee Wijit Banlunara Anudep Rungsipipat Tanit Kasantikul Somporn Techangamsuwan
author_sort	Chutchai Piewbang
title	Epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract
title_short	Epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract
title_full	Epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract
title_fullStr	Epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract
title_full_unstemmed	Epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract
title_sort	epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/88386bcb32c04b788446645c73dd0d98
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Epizootic reptilian ferlavirus infection in individual and multiple snake colonies with additional evidence of the virus in the male genital tract

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