Nomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults

Haitham Jahrami,1,2 Mona Rashed,1,2 Maha M AlRasheed,3 Nicola Luigi Bragazzi,4 Zahra Saif,1 Omar Alhaj,5 Ahmed S BaHammam,6,7 Michael V Vitiello8 1Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain; 2Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; 3Depa...

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Auteurs principaux:	Jahrami H, Rashed M, AlRasheed MM, Bragazzi NL, Saif Z, Alhaj O, BaHammam AS, Vitiello MV
Format:	article
Langue:	EN
Publié:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Sujets:	blue light insomnia isi no mobile phone phobia problematic smartphone use sleep problems Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
Accès en ligne:	https://doaj.org/article/88adff0e4323462783076932343c3b49
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:88adff0e4323462783076932343c3b492021-12-02T17:51:37ZNomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults1179-1608https://doaj.org/article/88adff0e4323462783076932343c3b492021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/nomophobia-is-associated-with-insomnia-but-not-with-age-sex-bmi-or-mob-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NSShttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1608Haitham Jahrami,1,2 Mona Rashed,1,2 Maha M AlRasheed,3 Nicola Luigi Bragazzi,4 Zahra Saif,1 Omar Alhaj,5 Ahmed S BaHammam,6,7 Michael V Vitiello8 1Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain; 2Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; 3Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Toronto, ON, Canada; 5Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan; 6Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11324, Saudi Arabia; 7The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 8Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, and Biobehavioral Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-6560, USACorrespondence: Haitham JahramiMinistry of Health, Manama, Bahrain, P.O. Box: 12 Tel +973 17286334Fax +973 17270637Email hjahrami@health.gov.bhPurpose: NOMOPHOBIA (NO MObile PHone PhoBIA) or problematic smartphone use is a psychological disorder in which people are afraid of being cut off from their mobile phones. Currently, there has been no direct assessment of mobile phone screen size in the home setting and its effect on nomophobia and related symptoms, such as insomnia. Thus, we investigated the association between nomophobia, insomnia, and mobile phone screen size in a young adult population in Bahrain.Patients and Methods: Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design, we surveyed participants aged 18 to 35 between August and September 2020 using an online questionnaire. Participants completed demographic questions and questions about personal mobile phones, the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The mobile phone screen size was determined using an open-source online database. Crude and adjusted regression analyses were fitted to examine the associations between the study variables.Results: A total of 549 individuals, 54% females, were included in the final analyses. One hundred and fourteen participants (21%) had severe nomophobia, and 81 (14%) had clinical insomnia. A strong positive pair-wise linear association was observed between NMP-Q and ISI β 0.15, P = 0.001. Age, sex, BMI, and mobile phone screen size showed no association with the NMP-Q.Conclusion: Nomophobia is very prevalent in young adult men and women, and it is closely associated with insomnia, regardless of mobile phone screen size, suggesting that mobile phone screen size should not be used as a proxy for hazardous usage.Keywords: blue light, insomnia, ISI, no mobile phone phobia, problematic smartphone use, sleep problemsJahrami HRashed MAlRasheed MMBragazzi NLSaif ZAlhaj OBaHammam ASVitiello MVDove Medical Pressarticleblue lightinsomniaisino mobile phone phobiaproblematic smartphone usesleep problemsPsychiatryRC435-571Neurophysiology and neuropsychologyQP351-495ENNature and Science of Sleep, Vol Volume 13, Pp 1931-1941 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	blue light insomnia isi no mobile phone phobia problematic smartphone use sleep problems Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
spellingShingle	blue light insomnia isi no mobile phone phobia problematic smartphone use sleep problems Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 Jahrami H Rashed M AlRasheed MM Bragazzi NL Saif Z Alhaj O BaHammam AS Vitiello MV Nomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults
description	Haitham Jahrami,1,2 Mona Rashed,1,2 Maha M AlRasheed,3 Nicola Luigi Bragazzi,4 Zahra Saif,1 Omar Alhaj,5 Ahmed S BaHammam,6,7 Michael V Vitiello8 1Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain; 2Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; 3Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Toronto, ON, Canada; 5Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan; 6Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11324, Saudi Arabia; 7The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 8Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, and Biobehavioral Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-6560, USACorrespondence: Haitham JahramiMinistry of Health, Manama, Bahrain, P.O. Box: 12 Tel +973 17286334Fax +973 17270637Email hjahrami@health.gov.bhPurpose: NOMOPHOBIA (NO MObile PHone PhoBIA) or problematic smartphone use is a psychological disorder in which people are afraid of being cut off from their mobile phones. Currently, there has been no direct assessment of mobile phone screen size in the home setting and its effect on nomophobia and related symptoms, such as insomnia. Thus, we investigated the association between nomophobia, insomnia, and mobile phone screen size in a young adult population in Bahrain.Patients and Methods: Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design, we surveyed participants aged 18 to 35 between August and September 2020 using an online questionnaire. Participants completed demographic questions and questions about personal mobile phones, the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The mobile phone screen size was determined using an open-source online database. Crude and adjusted regression analyses were fitted to examine the associations between the study variables.Results: A total of 549 individuals, 54% females, were included in the final analyses. One hundred and fourteen participants (21%) had severe nomophobia, and 81 (14%) had clinical insomnia. A strong positive pair-wise linear association was observed between NMP-Q and ISI β 0.15, P = 0.001. Age, sex, BMI, and mobile phone screen size showed no association with the NMP-Q.Conclusion: Nomophobia is very prevalent in young adult men and women, and it is closely associated with insomnia, regardless of mobile phone screen size, suggesting that mobile phone screen size should not be used as a proxy for hazardous usage.Keywords: blue light, insomnia, ISI, no mobile phone phobia, problematic smartphone use, sleep problems
format	article
author	Jahrami H Rashed M AlRasheed MM Bragazzi NL Saif Z Alhaj O BaHammam AS Vitiello MV
author_facet	Jahrami H Rashed M AlRasheed MM Bragazzi NL Saif Z Alhaj O BaHammam AS Vitiello MV
author_sort	Jahrami H
title	Nomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults
title_short	Nomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults
title_full	Nomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults
title_fullStr	Nomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults
title_full_unstemmed	Nomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults
title_sort	nomophobia is associated with insomnia but not with age, sex, bmi, or mobile phone screen size in young adults
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/88adff0e4323462783076932343c3b49
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Nomophobia is Associated with Insomnia but Not with Age, Sex, BMI, or Mobile Phone Screen Size in Young Adults

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