Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts

ES-62 is the major secreted protein of the parasitic filarial nematode, Acanthocheilonema viteae. The molecule exists as a large tetramer (MW, ~240kD), which possesses immunomodulatory properties by virtue of multiple phosphorylcholine (PC) moieties attached to N-type glycans. By suppressing inflamm...

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Autores principales:	Marlene Corbet, Miguel A. Pineda, Kun Yang, Anuradha Tarafdar, Sarah McGrath, Rinako Nakagawa, Felicity E. Lumb, Colin J. Suckling, William Harnett, Margaret M. Harnett
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/88da2086d64c47acae3e522a690425a6
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:88da2086d64c47acae3e522a690425a6
record_format	dspace
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Marlene Corbet Miguel A. Pineda Kun Yang Anuradha Tarafdar Sarah McGrath Rinako Nakagawa Felicity E. Lumb Colin J. Suckling William Harnett Margaret M. Harnett Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts
description	ES-62 is the major secreted protein of the parasitic filarial nematode, Acanthocheilonema viteae. The molecule exists as a large tetramer (MW, ~240kD), which possesses immunomodulatory properties by virtue of multiple phosphorylcholine (PC) moieties attached to N-type glycans. By suppressing inflammatory immune responses, ES-62 can prevent disease development in certain mouse models of allergic and autoimmune conditions, including joint pathology in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Such protection is associated with functional suppression of “pathogenic” hyper-responsive synovial fibroblasts (SFs), which exhibit an aggressive inflammatory and bone-damaging phenotype induced by their epigenetic rewiring in response to the inflammatory microenvironment of the arthritic joint. Critically, exposure to ES-62 in vivo induces a stably-imprinted CIA-SF phenotype that exhibits functional responses more typical of healthy, Naïve-SFs. Consistent with this, ES-62 “rewiring” of SFs away from the hyper-responsive phenotype is associated with suppression of ERK activation, STAT3 activation and miR-155 upregulation, signals widely associated with SF pathogenesis. Surprisingly however, DNA methylome analysis of Naïve-, CIA- and ES-62-CIA-SF cohorts reveals that rather than simply preventing pathogenic rewiring of SFs, ES-62 induces further changes in DNA methylation under the inflammatory conditions pertaining in the inflamed joint, including targeting genes associated with ciliogenesis, to programme a novel “resolving” CIA-SF phenotype. In addition to introducing a previously unsuspected aspect of ES-62’s mechanism of action, such unique behaviour signposts the potential for developing DNA methylation signatures predictive of pathogenesis and its resolution and hence, candidate mechanisms by which novel therapeutic interventions could prevent SFs from perpetuating joint inflammation and destruction in RA. Pertinent to these translational aspects of ES-62-behavior, small molecule analogues (SMAs) based on ES-62’s active PC-moieties mimic the rewiring of SFs as well as the protection against joint disease in CIA afforded by the parasitic worm product. Author summary The Hygiene Hypothesis proposes that the recent eradication of parasitic worms and other pathogens has resulted in chronically unbalanced, hyperactive immune systems that likely contribute to the corresponding dramatically increased incidence of allergic, autoimmune and metabolic conditions worldwide. Collectively, epidemiological and experimental animal model data supporting this hypothesis have focused interest in developing “helminth therapies”, based on infections with worms or their immunomodulatory products. Reflecting this, ES-62, an anti-inflammatory protein we discovered in the secretions of the filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae, can prevent disease initiation and progression in mouse models of asthma, dermatitis, RA, SLE and the comorbidities arising from obesity-accelerated ageing. We now show that its protection against arthritis is associated with an ability to stably reprogram stromal cells in the joint away from a pathogenic bone-damaging population to a novel “safe” phenotype. Signposting of such pathogenic and “safe” molecular signatures may now provide starting points for developing novel therapies to prevent joint disease in RA. In the broader context, our discovery that a defined parasitic worm product can reprogram host cell responses furthers both our understanding of the host-pathogen interaction and identifies new directions for developing anthelmintics and therapies to resolve inflammation and induce tissue repair in humans.
format	article
author	Marlene Corbet Miguel A. Pineda Kun Yang Anuradha Tarafdar Sarah McGrath Rinako Nakagawa Felicity E. Lumb Colin J. Suckling William Harnett Margaret M. Harnett
author_facet	Marlene Corbet Miguel A. Pineda Kun Yang Anuradha Tarafdar Sarah McGrath Rinako Nakagawa Felicity E. Lumb Colin J. Suckling William Harnett Margaret M. Harnett
author_sort	Marlene Corbet
title	Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts
title_short	Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts
title_full	Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts
title_fullStr	Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts
title_full_unstemmed	Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts
title_sort	suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product es-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/88da2086d64c47acae3e522a690425a6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:88da2086d64c47acae3e522a690425a62021-11-25T05:47:32ZSuppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts1553-73661553-7374https://doaj.org/article/88da2086d64c47acae3e522a690425a62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8601611/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374ES-62 is the major secreted protein of the parasitic filarial nematode, Acanthocheilonema viteae. The molecule exists as a large tetramer (MW, ~240kD), which possesses immunomodulatory properties by virtue of multiple phosphorylcholine (PC) moieties attached to N-type glycans. By suppressing inflammatory immune responses, ES-62 can prevent disease development in certain mouse models of allergic and autoimmune conditions, including joint pathology in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Such protection is associated with functional suppression of “pathogenic” hyper-responsive synovial fibroblasts (SFs), which exhibit an aggressive inflammatory and bone-damaging phenotype induced by their epigenetic rewiring in response to the inflammatory microenvironment of the arthritic joint. Critically, exposure to ES-62 in vivo induces a stably-imprinted CIA-SF phenotype that exhibits functional responses more typical of healthy, Naïve-SFs. Consistent with this, ES-62 “rewiring” of SFs away from the hyper-responsive phenotype is associated with suppression of ERK activation, STAT3 activation and miR-155 upregulation, signals widely associated with SF pathogenesis. Surprisingly however, DNA methylome analysis of Naïve-, CIA- and ES-62-CIA-SF cohorts reveals that rather than simply preventing pathogenic rewiring of SFs, ES-62 induces further changes in DNA methylation under the inflammatory conditions pertaining in the inflamed joint, including targeting genes associated with ciliogenesis, to programme a novel “resolving” CIA-SF phenotype. In addition to introducing a previously unsuspected aspect of ES-62’s mechanism of action, such unique behaviour signposts the potential for developing DNA methylation signatures predictive of pathogenesis and its resolution and hence, candidate mechanisms by which novel therapeutic interventions could prevent SFs from perpetuating joint inflammation and destruction in RA. Pertinent to these translational aspects of ES-62-behavior, small molecule analogues (SMAs) based on ES-62’s active PC-moieties mimic the rewiring of SFs as well as the protection against joint disease in CIA afforded by the parasitic worm product. Author summary The Hygiene Hypothesis proposes that the recent eradication of parasitic worms and other pathogens has resulted in chronically unbalanced, hyperactive immune systems that likely contribute to the corresponding dramatically increased incidence of allergic, autoimmune and metabolic conditions worldwide. Collectively, epidemiological and experimental animal model data supporting this hypothesis have focused interest in developing “helminth therapies”, based on infections with worms or their immunomodulatory products. Reflecting this, ES-62, an anti-inflammatory protein we discovered in the secretions of the filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae, can prevent disease initiation and progression in mouse models of asthma, dermatitis, RA, SLE and the comorbidities arising from obesity-accelerated ageing. We now show that its protection against arthritis is associated with an ability to stably reprogram stromal cells in the joint away from a pathogenic bone-damaging population to a novel “safe” phenotype. Signposting of such pathogenic and “safe” molecular signatures may now provide starting points for developing novel therapies to prevent joint disease in RA. In the broader context, our discovery that a defined parasitic worm product can reprogram host cell responses furthers both our understanding of the host-pathogen interaction and identifies new directions for developing anthelmintics and therapies to resolve inflammation and induce tissue repair in humans.Marlene CorbetMiguel A. PinedaKun YangAnuradha TarafdarSarah McGrathRinako NakagawaFelicity E. LumbColin J. SucklingWilliam HarnettMargaret M. HarnettPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 17, Iss 11 (2021)

Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts

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