The Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce

This paper reports the results of studies on the concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) and heavy metals (HMs) (Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb) in stormwater. Pollutant loads were calculated for the observed high water stages. Pollutographs showing <i>M/M<sub>c</sub></i> = &l...

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Autores principales:	Bartosz Szeląg, Jarosław Górski, Łukasz Bąk, Katarzyna Górska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	washout coefficient pollutograph precipitation characteristics total suspended solids (TSS) heavy metals (HMs) Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/88e85c956c774792b0ef2b2be77df4f8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:88e85c956c774792b0ef2b2be77df4f82021-11-25T19:15:17ZThe Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce10.3390/w132231872073-4441https://doaj.org/article/88e85c956c774792b0ef2b2be77df4f82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3187https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441This paper reports the results of studies on the concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) and heavy metals (HMs) (Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb) in stormwater. Pollutant loads were calculated for the observed high water stages. Pollutographs showing <i>M/M<sub>c</sub></i> = <i>f</i>(<i>V/V<sub>c</sub></i>) relationships were generated. In the description of the relationships, two functions, namely the exponential and the power functions, were employed. These represented the dynamics of the pollutant washout from the surface of the catchment area. The analyses demonstrated that the exponential function provides a slightly better description of the course of the process compared with the power function. In the former case, correlation coefficients (R) ranged from 0.900 to 0.999, whereas in the latter they ranged from 0.864 to 0.999. The analyses of correlations between the characteristics describing discharge hydrographs and the values of pollutant washout coefficients indicate that the strongest statistical relationships were identified for TSS. It was demonstrated that the value of the washout coefficient for total suspended solids (<i>k<sub>TSS</sub></i>) drops with an increase in rain intensity (q). This also depends on the 10-min precipitation (<i>P<sub>td</sub></i><sub>=10</sub>). Regarding the studied heavy metals, a statistically significant impact of the dry period (<i>t<sub>bd</sub></i>) on the washout coefficient was observed only for lead (<i>k<sub>Pb</sub></i>). Taking into account the washout coefficient in the first flush model makes it possible to improve the accuracy of calculations. This is important for understanding the studied phenomenon.Bartosz SzelągJarosław GórskiŁukasz BąkKatarzyna GórskaMDPI AGarticlewashout coefficientpollutographprecipitation characteristicstotal suspended solids (TSS)heavy metals (HMs)Hydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3187, p 3187 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	washout coefficient pollutograph precipitation characteristics total suspended solids (TSS) heavy metals (HMs) Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	washout coefficient pollutograph precipitation characteristics total suspended solids (TSS) heavy metals (HMs) Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Bartosz Szeląg Jarosław Górski Łukasz Bąk Katarzyna Górska The Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce
description	This paper reports the results of studies on the concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) and heavy metals (HMs) (Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb) in stormwater. Pollutant loads were calculated for the observed high water stages. Pollutographs showing <i>M/M<sub>c</sub></i> = <i>f</i>(<i>V/V<sub>c</sub></i>) relationships were generated. In the description of the relationships, two functions, namely the exponential and the power functions, were employed. These represented the dynamics of the pollutant washout from the surface of the catchment area. The analyses demonstrated that the exponential function provides a slightly better description of the course of the process compared with the power function. In the former case, correlation coefficients (R) ranged from 0.900 to 0.999, whereas in the latter they ranged from 0.864 to 0.999. The analyses of correlations between the characteristics describing discharge hydrographs and the values of pollutant washout coefficients indicate that the strongest statistical relationships were identified for TSS. It was demonstrated that the value of the washout coefficient for total suspended solids (<i>k<sub>TSS</sub></i>) drops with an increase in rain intensity (q). This also depends on the 10-min precipitation (<i>P<sub>td</sub></i><sub>=10</sub>). Regarding the studied heavy metals, a statistically significant impact of the dry period (<i>t<sub>bd</sub></i>) on the washout coefficient was observed only for lead (<i>k<sub>Pb</sub></i>). Taking into account the washout coefficient in the first flush model makes it possible to improve the accuracy of calculations. This is important for understanding the studied phenomenon.
format	article
author	Bartosz Szeląg Jarosław Górski Łukasz Bąk Katarzyna Górska
author_facet	Bartosz Szeląg Jarosław Górski Łukasz Bąk Katarzyna Górska
author_sort	Bartosz Szeląg
title	The Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce
title_short	The Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce
title_full	The Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce
title_fullStr	The Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce
title_full_unstemmed	The Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce
title_sort	impact of precipitation characteristics on the washout of pollutants based on the example of an urban catchment in kielce
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/88e85c956c774792b0ef2b2be77df4f8
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The Impact of Precipitation Characteristics on the Washout of Pollutants Based on the Example of an Urban Catchment in Kielce

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