Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common inflammatory chronic disease affecting children and adolescents. Today, there are no specific biomarkers of inflammation. Therefore, it is important to identify new markers as predictors of disease activity. Recently, some researchers have direc...

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Autores principales:	Emma Altobelli, Paolo Matteo Angeletti, Reimondo Petrocelli, Giuseppe Lapergola, Giovanni Farello, Giovanni Cannataro, Luciana Breda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	serum calprotectin systematic review meta-analysis juvenile idiopathic arthritis biomarkers Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8919e33463c64dc6b7df274468c94128
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8919e33463c64dc6b7df274468c941282021-11-11T17:31:40ZSerum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis10.3390/jcm102148612077-0383https://doaj.org/article/8919e33463c64dc6b7df274468c941282021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/21/4861https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common inflammatory chronic disease affecting children and adolescents. Today, there are no specific biomarkers of inflammation. Therefore, it is important to identify new markers as predictors of disease activity. Recently, some researchers have directed their interest toward a protein, calprotectin (CLP), as a potential biomarker. The primary objective of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the possible role of CLP in JIA. Method: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Science Direct on 10 August 2021. The selection of studies was made using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Cohen’s d with 95% CI and <i>p</i>-value were used as a measure of effect size. The random effects model was used to account for different sources of variation among studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using Q statistics and I<sup>2</sup>. The publication bias was analyzed and represented by a funnel plot, and funnel plot symmetry was assessed with Egger’s test. Results: Our results at follow-up showed a statistically significant difference between patients with active disease compared to patients with inactive disease: 0.39 (0.16; 0.62), <i>p</i> = 0.001; without statistical heterogeneity. Another important aspect that emerged were the differences between the systemic disease form and any form of inactive disease showing a different concentration of calprotectin: 0.74 (0.40; 1.08), <i>p</i> < 0.001; without statistical heterogeneity. On the other hand, meta-regression analyses performed on gender, age, duration of disease, percentage of patients with ANA+ or RF+, medium value of ESR or CRP were not statistically significant. A statistically significant difference in serum calprotectin concentration between patients with JIA and healthy controls were observed. In fact, it presented lower values in the control group. Conclusions: The use of serum CLP could represent, in the future, a useful tool in JIA in order to stratify disease activity more accurately and may aid a more tailored approach to drug of choice in children with JIA. Further studies are needed to evaluate CLP as a predictor of flare in combination with other potential biomarkers of subclinical disease activity.Emma AltobelliPaolo Matteo AngelettiReimondo PetrocelliGiuseppe LapergolaGiovanni FarelloGiovanni CannataroLuciana BredaMDPI AGarticleserum calprotectinsystematic reviewmeta-analysisjuvenile idiopathic arthritisbiomarkersMedicineRENJournal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 4861, p 4861 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	serum calprotectin systematic review meta-analysis juvenile idiopathic arthritis biomarkers Medicine R
spellingShingle	serum calprotectin systematic review meta-analysis juvenile idiopathic arthritis biomarkers Medicine R Emma Altobelli Paolo Matteo Angeletti Reimondo Petrocelli Giuseppe Lapergola Giovanni Farello Giovanni Cannataro Luciana Breda Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis
description	Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common inflammatory chronic disease affecting children and adolescents. Today, there are no specific biomarkers of inflammation. Therefore, it is important to identify new markers as predictors of disease activity. Recently, some researchers have directed their interest toward a protein, calprotectin (CLP), as a potential biomarker. The primary objective of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the possible role of CLP in JIA. Method: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Science Direct on 10 August 2021. The selection of studies was made using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Cohen’s d with 95% CI and <i>p</i>-value were used as a measure of effect size. The random effects model was used to account for different sources of variation among studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using Q statistics and I<sup>2</sup>. The publication bias was analyzed and represented by a funnel plot, and funnel plot symmetry was assessed with Egger’s test. Results: Our results at follow-up showed a statistically significant difference between patients with active disease compared to patients with inactive disease: 0.39 (0.16; 0.62), <i>p</i> = 0.001; without statistical heterogeneity. Another important aspect that emerged were the differences between the systemic disease form and any form of inactive disease showing a different concentration of calprotectin: 0.74 (0.40; 1.08), <i>p</i> < 0.001; without statistical heterogeneity. On the other hand, meta-regression analyses performed on gender, age, duration of disease, percentage of patients with ANA+ or RF+, medium value of ESR or CRP were not statistically significant. A statistically significant difference in serum calprotectin concentration between patients with JIA and healthy controls were observed. In fact, it presented lower values in the control group. Conclusions: The use of serum CLP could represent, in the future, a useful tool in JIA in order to stratify disease activity more accurately and may aid a more tailored approach to drug of choice in children with JIA. Further studies are needed to evaluate CLP as a predictor of flare in combination with other potential biomarkers of subclinical disease activity.
format	article
author	Emma Altobelli Paolo Matteo Angeletti Reimondo Petrocelli Giuseppe Lapergola Giovanni Farello Giovanni Cannataro Luciana Breda
author_facet	Emma Altobelli Paolo Matteo Angeletti Reimondo Petrocelli Giuseppe Lapergola Giovanni Farello Giovanni Cannataro Luciana Breda
author_sort	Emma Altobelli
title	Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis
title_short	Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis
title_full	Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr	Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis
title_sort	serum calprotectin a potential biomarker in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a meta-analysis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8919e33463c64dc6b7df274468c94128
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Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis

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