An asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period

Abstract Extreme sea surface temperatures (SSTs) attract much attention in recent years. However, the detailed spatial and temporal pattern of the extreme SSTs in China Seas has not been well understood. Using the daily SST data set of OISST v2 from January 1, 1982 to December 31, 2013, and based on...

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Autores principales:	Yan Li, Qingyuan Wang, Qingquan Li, Yiwei Liu, Yan Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8938882274fd45b080d9882a1fcb4400
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8938882274fd45b080d9882a1fcb44002021-12-02T13:48:53ZAn asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period10.1038/s41598-020-79854-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8938882274fd45b080d9882a1fcb44002021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79854-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Extreme sea surface temperatures (SSTs) attract much attention in recent years. However, the detailed spatial and temporal pattern of the extreme SSTs in China Seas has not been well understood. Using the daily SST data set of OISST v2 from January 1, 1982 to December 31, 2013, and based on four extreme SST indices, the frequency and intensity of SST extremes in the China Seas were examined. The analysis showed that the annual mean SST exhibited cooling trend, on pace with a trend of − 0.34 °C/decade during 1998–2013, confirming the previous studies that China Seas also experienced the recent global warming hiatus. But during this recent global warming hiatus, there was a notable asymmetric pattern of greater cooling trends in cold SSTs as compared to the hot SSTs in this region. During 1998–2013, the cold days (CDs) frequency increased significantly by 13 days per decade and cold SST extremes which were below the 10th percentile of each year (SST10p) notably decreased by 0.4 °C per decade. Hot days (HD) and hot SST extremes which were above the 90th percentile of each year (SST90p) slowed down, but without any distinct tendency. Meanwhile, the rates of SST10p and CDs were highly heterogeneous in space. Cold extremes in the near-shore areas are much more sensitive to the global warming hiatus than these in the eastern of the Kuroshio Current. Importantly, hot extremes do not reveal any distinct cooling tendency during 1998–2013, there were more frequent hot days and more intense hot SSTs in this region comparing with 1982–1997. These hot extremes could push some marine organisms, fisheries and ecosystems beyond the limits of their resilience, with cascading impacts on economies and societies.Yan LiQingyuan WangQingquan LiYiwei LiuYan WangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yan Li Qingyuan Wang Qingquan Li Yiwei Liu Yan Wang An asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period
description	Abstract Extreme sea surface temperatures (SSTs) attract much attention in recent years. However, the detailed spatial and temporal pattern of the extreme SSTs in China Seas has not been well understood. Using the daily SST data set of OISST v2 from January 1, 1982 to December 31, 2013, and based on four extreme SST indices, the frequency and intensity of SST extremes in the China Seas were examined. The analysis showed that the annual mean SST exhibited cooling trend, on pace with a trend of − 0.34 °C/decade during 1998–2013, confirming the previous studies that China Seas also experienced the recent global warming hiatus. But during this recent global warming hiatus, there was a notable asymmetric pattern of greater cooling trends in cold SSTs as compared to the hot SSTs in this region. During 1998–2013, the cold days (CDs) frequency increased significantly by 13 days per decade and cold SST extremes which were below the 10th percentile of each year (SST10p) notably decreased by 0.4 °C per decade. Hot days (HD) and hot SST extremes which were above the 90th percentile of each year (SST90p) slowed down, but without any distinct tendency. Meanwhile, the rates of SST10p and CDs were highly heterogeneous in space. Cold extremes in the near-shore areas are much more sensitive to the global warming hiatus than these in the eastern of the Kuroshio Current. Importantly, hot extremes do not reveal any distinct cooling tendency during 1998–2013, there were more frequent hot days and more intense hot SSTs in this region comparing with 1982–1997. These hot extremes could push some marine organisms, fisheries and ecosystems beyond the limits of their resilience, with cascading impacts on economies and societies.
format	article
author	Yan Li Qingyuan Wang Qingquan Li Yiwei Liu Yan Wang
author_facet	Yan Li Qingyuan Wang Qingquan Li Yiwei Liu Yan Wang
author_sort	Yan Li
title	An asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period
title_short	An asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period
title_full	An asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period
title_fullStr	An asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period
title_full_unstemmed	An asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period
title_sort	asymmetric variation of hot and cold sst extremes in the china seas during the recent warming hiatus period
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8938882274fd45b080d9882a1fcb4400
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An asymmetric variation of hot and cold SST extremes in the China Seas during the recent warming hiatus period

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