Construct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach

Surin Jiraniramai,1,* Tinakon Wongpakaran,2,* Chaisiri Angkurawaranon,1 Wichuda Jiraporncharoen,1 Nahathai Wongpakaran2 1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Kingdom of Thailand; 2Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University,...

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Autores principales:	Jiraniramai S, Wongpakaran T, Angkurawaranon C, Jiraporncharoen W, Wongpakaran N
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	phq-9 thai rasch analysis differential item functioning alcohol consumption Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/894bee1fc1fa4756a67ca1e3c6b53561
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:894bee1fc1fa4756a67ca1e3c6b535612021-12-02T18:13:26ZConstruct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/894bee1fc1fa4756a67ca1e3c6b535612021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/construct-validity-and-differential-item-functioning-of-the-phq-9-amon-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Surin Jiraniramai,1,* Tinakon Wongpakaran,2,* Chaisiri Angkurawaranon,1 Wichuda Jiraporncharoen,1 Nahathai Wongpakaran2 1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Kingdom of Thailand; 2Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Kingdom of Thailand*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Nahathai WongpakaranGeriatric Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University., 110 Intawaroros Road, T. Sriphum, A. Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Kingdom of ThailandTel +66 53 935422 ext 320Fax +66 53 935426Email nahathai.wongpakaran@cmu.ac.thPurpose: The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is a widely used self-report questionnaire to screen depression. Its psychometric property has been tested in many populations including health care workers. We used Rasch measurement theory to examine the psychometric properties of PHQ-9 regarding item difficulty, item fit and the differences between subgroups of respondents classified by sex, age, education and alcohol user status, based on the same overall location of participants.Patients and Methods: In total, 3204 health care workers of Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital participated and were administered the PHQ-9. Rating scale Rasch measurement modeling was used to examine the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9.Results: The data fitted well to the Rasch model and no violations of the assumption of unidimensionality were observed. All 9 items could form a unidimensional construct of overall depressive severity. Suicidal ideation was the least endorsed while sleep problem was the most. No disordered category and threshold of the rating response were observed. No locally dependent items were observed. No items were found to show differential item functioning across age, sex, education and alcohol consumption. The item-person Wright map showed that the PHQ-9 did not target well with the sample, and a wide gap suggesting few or no items exist to differentiate participants at a certain ability level among the PHQ-9 items.Conclusion: The PHQ-9 can be used as a screening questionnaire for major depressive disorder as its psychometric property was verified based on Rasch measurement model. The findings are generally consistent with related studies in other populations. However, the PHQ-9 may be unsuitable for assessing depressive symptoms among health care workers who have low levels of depression.Keywords: PHQ-9, Thai, Rasch analysis, differential item functioning, alcohol consumptionJiraniramai SWongpakaran TAngkurawaranon CJiraporncharoen WWongpakaran NDove Medical Pressarticlephq-9thairasch analysisdifferential item functioningalcohol consumptionNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 17, Pp 1035-1045 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	phq-9 thai rasch analysis differential item functioning alcohol consumption Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	phq-9 thai rasch analysis differential item functioning alcohol consumption Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Jiraniramai S Wongpakaran T Angkurawaranon C Jiraporncharoen W Wongpakaran N Construct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach
description	Surin Jiraniramai,1,* Tinakon Wongpakaran,2,* Chaisiri Angkurawaranon,1 Wichuda Jiraporncharoen,1 Nahathai Wongpakaran2 1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Kingdom of Thailand; 2Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Kingdom of Thailand*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Nahathai WongpakaranGeriatric Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University., 110 Intawaroros Road, T. Sriphum, A. Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Kingdom of ThailandTel +66 53 935422 ext 320Fax +66 53 935426Email nahathai.wongpakaran@cmu.ac.thPurpose: The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is a widely used self-report questionnaire to screen depression. Its psychometric property has been tested in many populations including health care workers. We used Rasch measurement theory to examine the psychometric properties of PHQ-9 regarding item difficulty, item fit and the differences between subgroups of respondents classified by sex, age, education and alcohol user status, based on the same overall location of participants.Patients and Methods: In total, 3204 health care workers of Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital participated and were administered the PHQ-9. Rating scale Rasch measurement modeling was used to examine the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9.Results: The data fitted well to the Rasch model and no violations of the assumption of unidimensionality were observed. All 9 items could form a unidimensional construct of overall depressive severity. Suicidal ideation was the least endorsed while sleep problem was the most. No disordered category and threshold of the rating response were observed. No locally dependent items were observed. No items were found to show differential item functioning across age, sex, education and alcohol consumption. The item-person Wright map showed that the PHQ-9 did not target well with the sample, and a wide gap suggesting few or no items exist to differentiate participants at a certain ability level among the PHQ-9 items.Conclusion: The PHQ-9 can be used as a screening questionnaire for major depressive disorder as its psychometric property was verified based on Rasch measurement model. The findings are generally consistent with related studies in other populations. However, the PHQ-9 may be unsuitable for assessing depressive symptoms among health care workers who have low levels of depression.Keywords: PHQ-9, Thai, Rasch analysis, differential item functioning, alcohol consumption
format	article
author	Jiraniramai S Wongpakaran T Angkurawaranon C Jiraporncharoen W Wongpakaran N
author_facet	Jiraniramai S Wongpakaran T Angkurawaranon C Jiraporncharoen W Wongpakaran N
author_sort	Jiraniramai S
title	Construct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach
title_short	Construct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach
title_full	Construct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach
title_fullStr	Construct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach
title_full_unstemmed	Construct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach
title_sort	construct validity and differential item functioning of the phq-9 among health care workers: rasch analysis approach
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/894bee1fc1fa4756a67ca1e3c6b53561
work_keys_str_mv	AT jiraniramais constructvalidityanddifferentialitemfunctioningofthephq9amonghealthcareworkersraschanalysisapproach AT wongpakarant constructvalidityanddifferentialitemfunctioningofthephq9amonghealthcareworkersraschanalysisapproach AT angkurawaranonc constructvalidityanddifferentialitemfunctioningofthephq9amonghealthcareworkersraschanalysisapproach AT jiraporncharoenw constructvalidityanddifferentialitemfunctioningofthephq9amonghealthcareworkersraschanalysisapproach AT wongpakarann constructvalidityanddifferentialitemfunctioningofthephq9amonghealthcareworkersraschanalysisapproach
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Construct Validity and Differential Item Functioning of the PHQ-9 Among Health Care Workers: Rasch Analysis Approach

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