Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming

Abstract The advent of protein design in recent years has brought us within reach of developing a “nanoscale programing language,” in which molecules serve as operands with their conformational states functioning as logic gates. Combining these operands into a set of operations will result in a func...

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Autor principal:	Nikolay V. Dokholyan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/895cd58474fa4e2ebf5e9c2cd59de2b9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:895cd58474fa4e2ebf5e9c2cd59de2b92021-12-02T15:54:14ZNanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming10.1038/s41540-021-00176-82056-7189https://doaj.org/article/895cd58474fa4e2ebf5e9c2cd59de2b92021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41540-021-00176-8https://doaj.org/toc/2056-7189Abstract The advent of protein design in recent years has brought us within reach of developing a “nanoscale programing language,” in which molecules serve as operands with their conformational states functioning as logic gates. Combining these operands into a set of operations will result in a functional program, which is executed using nanoscale computing agents (NCAs). These agents would respond to any given input and return the desired output signal. The ability to utilize natural evolutionary processes would allow code to “evolve” in the course of computation, thus enabling radically new algorithmic developments. NCAs will revolutionize the studies of biological systems, enable a deeper understanding of human biology and disease, and facilitate the development of in situ precision therapeutics. Since NCAs can be extended to novel reactions and processes not seen in biological systems, the growth of this field will spark the growth of biotechnological applications with wide-ranging impacts, including fields not typically considered relevant to biology. Unlike traditional approaches in synthetic biology that are based on the rewiring of signaling pathways in cells, NCAs are autonomous vehicles based on single-chain proteins. In this perspective, I will introduce and discuss this new field of biological computing, as well as challenges and the future of the NCA. Addressing these challenges will provide a significant leap in technology for programming living cells.Nikolay V. DokholyanNature PortfolioarticleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENnpj Systems Biology and Applications, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-5 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Nikolay V. Dokholyan Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming
description	Abstract The advent of protein design in recent years has brought us within reach of developing a “nanoscale programing language,” in which molecules serve as operands with their conformational states functioning as logic gates. Combining these operands into a set of operations will result in a functional program, which is executed using nanoscale computing agents (NCAs). These agents would respond to any given input and return the desired output signal. The ability to utilize natural evolutionary processes would allow code to “evolve” in the course of computation, thus enabling radically new algorithmic developments. NCAs will revolutionize the studies of biological systems, enable a deeper understanding of human biology and disease, and facilitate the development of in situ precision therapeutics. Since NCAs can be extended to novel reactions and processes not seen in biological systems, the growth of this field will spark the growth of biotechnological applications with wide-ranging impacts, including fields not typically considered relevant to biology. Unlike traditional approaches in synthetic biology that are based on the rewiring of signaling pathways in cells, NCAs are autonomous vehicles based on single-chain proteins. In this perspective, I will introduce and discuss this new field of biological computing, as well as challenges and the future of the NCA. Addressing these challenges will provide a significant leap in technology for programming living cells.
format	article
author	Nikolay V. Dokholyan
author_facet	Nikolay V. Dokholyan
author_sort	Nikolay V. Dokholyan
title	Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming
title_short	Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming
title_full	Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming
title_fullStr	Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming
title_full_unstemmed	Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming
title_sort	nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/895cd58474fa4e2ebf5e9c2cd59de2b9
work_keys_str_mv	AT nikolayvdokholyan nanoscaleprogrammingofcellularandphysiologicalphenotypesinorganicmeetsorganicprogramming
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Nanoscale programming of cellular and physiological phenotypes: inorganic meets organic programming

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