Evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm

Abstract Recent efforts have been devoted to the link between responses to non-physical stressors and immune states in animals, mostly using human and other vertebrate models. Despite evolutionary relevance, comparatively limited work on the appraisal of predation risk and aspects of cognitive ecolo...

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Autores principales:	Jean-François Hamel, Sara Jobson, Guillaume Caulier, Annie Mercier
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/895dec800fc144deb44fb455c9c6206e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:895dec800fc144deb44fb455c9c6206e2021-12-02T14:58:45ZEvidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm10.1038/s41598-021-89805-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/895dec800fc144deb44fb455c9c6206e2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89805-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Recent efforts have been devoted to the link between responses to non-physical stressors and immune states in animals, mostly using human and other vertebrate models. Despite evolutionary relevance, comparatively limited work on the appraisal of predation risk and aspects of cognitive ecology and ecoimmunology has been carried out in non-chordate animals. The present study explored the capacity of holothuroid echinoderms to display an immune response to both reactive and anticipatory predatory stressors. Experimental trials and a mix of behavioural, cellular and hormonal markers were used, with a focus on coelomocytes (analogues of mammalian leukocytes), which are the main components of the echinoderm innate immunity. Findings suggest that holothuroids can not only appraise threatening cues (i.e. scent of a predator or alarm signals from injured conspecifics) but prepare themselves immunologically, presumably to cope more efficiently with potential future injuries. The responses share features with recently defined central emotional states and wane after prolonged stress in a manner akin to habituation, which are traits that have rarely been shown in non-vertebrates, and never in echinoderms. Because echinoderms sit alongside chordates in the deuterostome clade, such findings offer unique insights into the adaptive value and evolution of stress responses in animals.Jean-François HamelSara JobsonGuillaume CaulierAnnie MercierNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jean-François Hamel Sara Jobson Guillaume Caulier Annie Mercier Evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm
description	Abstract Recent efforts have been devoted to the link between responses to non-physical stressors and immune states in animals, mostly using human and other vertebrate models. Despite evolutionary relevance, comparatively limited work on the appraisal of predation risk and aspects of cognitive ecology and ecoimmunology has been carried out in non-chordate animals. The present study explored the capacity of holothuroid echinoderms to display an immune response to both reactive and anticipatory predatory stressors. Experimental trials and a mix of behavioural, cellular and hormonal markers were used, with a focus on coelomocytes (analogues of mammalian leukocytes), which are the main components of the echinoderm innate immunity. Findings suggest that holothuroids can not only appraise threatening cues (i.e. scent of a predator or alarm signals from injured conspecifics) but prepare themselves immunologically, presumably to cope more efficiently with potential future injuries. The responses share features with recently defined central emotional states and wane after prolonged stress in a manner akin to habituation, which are traits that have rarely been shown in non-vertebrates, and never in echinoderms. Because echinoderms sit alongside chordates in the deuterostome clade, such findings offer unique insights into the adaptive value and evolution of stress responses in animals.
format	article
author	Jean-François Hamel Sara Jobson Guillaume Caulier Annie Mercier
author_facet	Jean-François Hamel Sara Jobson Guillaume Caulier Annie Mercier
author_sort	Jean-François Hamel
title	Evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm
title_short	Evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm
title_full	Evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm
title_fullStr	Evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm
title_full_unstemmed	Evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm
title_sort	evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/895dec800fc144deb44fb455c9c6206e
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Evidence of anticipatory immune and hormonal responses to predation risk in an echinoderm

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