Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography

Abstract Background The fetal face reflects strictly the development of the fetal brain during its growth. Four-dimensional (4D) examination permits continuous monitoring of the examined parts of fetal face and surface. The final performance of obstetric sonographic images depends upon multiple fact...

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Autores principales:	Hisham A. Elghany Algahlan, Mamdouh Elsemary, Mohammed Hazem
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	2D 4D Fetal face Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine R895-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8999b37aa7fd438fae4606e9827913cf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8999b37aa7fd438fae4606e9827913cf2021-11-08T10:57:38ZFrontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography10.1186/s43055-021-00623-w2090-4762https://doaj.org/article/8999b37aa7fd438fae4606e9827913cf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s43055-021-00623-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2090-4762Abstract Background The fetal face reflects strictly the development of the fetal brain during its growth. Four-dimensional (4D) examination permits continuous monitoring of the examined parts of fetal face and surface. The final performance of obstetric sonographic images depends upon multiple factors, such as fetal lie, uterine wall, abdominal wall fat, amniotic fluid, and the number of gestations which may limit the optimum performance of (4D) ultrasound. The two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound is the first choice due to its wide availability, low cost, and real-time capabilities. The tangential view obtained by (2D) ultrasound coronal sections through the face showed the nose, nostril, lips, eye, lens, and hard palate. Results One hundred and sixty fetuses showed straight forwards obstetric examination by both 2D and 4D examinations with identical final reports. While the total number of fetuses with clear images by 2D frontal tangential coronal examination was 191 cases, only 29 cases failed, whereas 170 cases obtained clear images by 4D examination, and 50 cases failed. Both 2D and 4D ultrasound failed to obtain clear images of 19 cases, while 4D failed for 31 cases, and 2D failed for 10 cases. 2D imaging was found to be significantly better than 4D imaging, with a P value of 0.009. Conclusion 2D ultrasound using the frontal tangential coronal view is an essential part of the fetal examination and more superior than 4D ultrasound in assessing facial anatomy and anomalies, as well comparable to 4D ultrasound as regards fascial expression.Hisham A. Elghany AlgahlanMamdouh ElsemaryMohammed HazemSpringerOpenarticle2D4DFetal faceMedical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicineR895-920ENThe Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 52, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	2D 4D Fetal face Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine R895-920
spellingShingle	2D 4D Fetal face Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine R895-920 Hisham A. Elghany Algahlan Mamdouh Elsemary Mohammed Hazem Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography
description	Abstract Background The fetal face reflects strictly the development of the fetal brain during its growth. Four-dimensional (4D) examination permits continuous monitoring of the examined parts of fetal face and surface. The final performance of obstetric sonographic images depends upon multiple factors, such as fetal lie, uterine wall, abdominal wall fat, amniotic fluid, and the number of gestations which may limit the optimum performance of (4D) ultrasound. The two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound is the first choice due to its wide availability, low cost, and real-time capabilities. The tangential view obtained by (2D) ultrasound coronal sections through the face showed the nose, nostril, lips, eye, lens, and hard palate. Results One hundred and sixty fetuses showed straight forwards obstetric examination by both 2D and 4D examinations with identical final reports. While the total number of fetuses with clear images by 2D frontal tangential coronal examination was 191 cases, only 29 cases failed, whereas 170 cases obtained clear images by 4D examination, and 50 cases failed. Both 2D and 4D ultrasound failed to obtain clear images of 19 cases, while 4D failed for 31 cases, and 2D failed for 10 cases. 2D imaging was found to be significantly better than 4D imaging, with a P value of 0.009. Conclusion 2D ultrasound using the frontal tangential coronal view is an essential part of the fetal examination and more superior than 4D ultrasound in assessing facial anatomy and anomalies, as well comparable to 4D ultrasound as regards fascial expression.
format	article
author	Hisham A. Elghany Algahlan Mamdouh Elsemary Mohammed Hazem
author_facet	Hisham A. Elghany Algahlan Mamdouh Elsemary Mohammed Hazem
author_sort	Hisham A. Elghany Algahlan
title	Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography
title_short	Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography
title_full	Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography
title_fullStr	Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography
title_full_unstemmed	Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography
title_sort	frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8999b37aa7fd438fae4606e9827913cf
work_keys_str_mv	AT hishamaelghanyalgahlan frontaltangentialcoronalviewtwodimensionalultrasonographyinassessmentoffetalfacemouthandnoseincomparisonwithfourdimensionalultrasonography AT mamdouhelsemary frontaltangentialcoronalviewtwodimensionalultrasonographyinassessmentoffetalfacemouthandnoseincomparisonwithfourdimensionalultrasonography AT mohammedhazem frontaltangentialcoronalviewtwodimensionalultrasonographyinassessmentoffetalfacemouthandnoseincomparisonwithfourdimensionalultrasonography
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Frontal tangential coronal view two-dimensional ultrasonography in assessment of fetal face [mouth and nose] in comparison with four-dimensional ultrasonography

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