Muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano

Abstract Post-eruptive destabilization of volcanic edifices by gravity driven debris flows or erosion can catastrophically impact the landscapes, economies and human societies surrounding active volcanoes. In this work, we propose cosmic-ray muon imaging (muography) as a tool for the remote monitori...

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Autores principales:	László Oláh, Hiroyuki K. M. Tanaka, Gergő Hamar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/89de3a1ed84e4e379164d756370e275f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:89de3a1ed84e4e379164d756370e275f2021-12-02T14:58:48ZMuographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano10.1038/s41598-021-96947-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/89de3a1ed84e4e379164d756370e275f2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96947-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Post-eruptive destabilization of volcanic edifices by gravity driven debris flows or erosion can catastrophically impact the landscapes, economies and human societies surrounding active volcanoes. In this work, we propose cosmic-ray muon imaging (muography) as a tool for the remote monitoring of hydrogeomorphic responses to volcano landscape disturbances. We conducted the muographic monitoring of Sakurajima volcano, Kyushu, Japan and measured continuous post-eruptive activity with over 30 lahars per year. The sensitive surface area of the Multi-Wire-Proportional-Chamber-based Muography Observation System was upgraded to 7.67 m $$^2$$ 2 ; this made it possible for the density of tephra within the crater region to be measured in 40 days. We observed the muon flux decrease from 10 to 40% through the different regions of the crater from September 2019 to October 2020 due to the continuous deposition of tephra fallouts. In spite of the long-term mass increase, significant mass decreases were also observed after the onsets of rain-triggered lahars that induced the erosion of sedimented tephra. The first muographic observation of these post-eruptive phenomena demonstrate that this passive imaging technique has the potential to contribute to the assessment of indirect volcanic hazards.László OláhHiroyuki K. M. TanakaGergő HamarNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q László Oláh Hiroyuki K. M. Tanaka Gergő Hamar Muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano
description	Abstract Post-eruptive destabilization of volcanic edifices by gravity driven debris flows or erosion can catastrophically impact the landscapes, economies and human societies surrounding active volcanoes. In this work, we propose cosmic-ray muon imaging (muography) as a tool for the remote monitoring of hydrogeomorphic responses to volcano landscape disturbances. We conducted the muographic monitoring of Sakurajima volcano, Kyushu, Japan and measured continuous post-eruptive activity with over 30 lahars per year. The sensitive surface area of the Multi-Wire-Proportional-Chamber-based Muography Observation System was upgraded to 7.67 m $$^2$$ 2 ; this made it possible for the density of tephra within the crater region to be measured in 40 days. We observed the muon flux decrease from 10 to 40% through the different regions of the crater from September 2019 to October 2020 due to the continuous deposition of tephra fallouts. In spite of the long-term mass increase, significant mass decreases were also observed after the onsets of rain-triggered lahars that induced the erosion of sedimented tephra. The first muographic observation of these post-eruptive phenomena demonstrate that this passive imaging technique has the potential to contribute to the assessment of indirect volcanic hazards.
format	article
author	László Oláh Hiroyuki K. M. Tanaka Gergő Hamar
author_facet	László Oláh Hiroyuki K. M. Tanaka Gergő Hamar
author_sort	László Oláh
title	Muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano
title_short	Muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano
title_full	Muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano
title_fullStr	Muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano
title_full_unstemmed	Muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano
title_sort	muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of sakurajima volcano
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/89de3a1ed84e4e379164d756370e275f
work_keys_str_mv	AT laszloolah muographicmonitoringofhydrogeomorphicchangesinducedbyposteruptivelaharsanderosionofsakurajimavolcano AT hiroyukikmtanaka muographicmonitoringofhydrogeomorphicchangesinducedbyposteruptivelaharsanderosionofsakurajimavolcano AT gergohamar muographicmonitoringofhydrogeomorphicchangesinducedbyposteruptivelaharsanderosionofsakurajimavolcano
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Muographic monitoring of hydrogeomorphic changes induced by post-eruptive lahars and erosion of Sakurajima volcano

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