Step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.

Phagocytosis of bacteria by innate immune cells is a primary method of bacterial clearance during infection. However, the mechanisms by which the host cell recognizes bacteria and consequentially initiates phagocytosis are largely unclear. Previous studies of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa hav...

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Autores principales:	Rustin R Lovewell, Ryan M Collins, Julie L Acker, George A O'Toole, Matthew J Wargo, Brent Berwin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a192a39ecd949738ffc5f22fb95e419
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a192a39ecd949738ffc5f22fb95e4192021-11-04T05:51:27ZStep-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1002253https://doaj.org/article/8a192a39ecd949738ffc5f22fb95e4192011-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21949654/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Phagocytosis of bacteria by innate immune cells is a primary method of bacterial clearance during infection. However, the mechanisms by which the host cell recognizes bacteria and consequentially initiates phagocytosis are largely unclear. Previous studies of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa have indicated that bacterial flagella and flagellar motility play an important role in colonization of the host and, importantly, that loss of flagellar motility enables phagocytic evasion. Here we use molecular, cellular, and genetic methods to provide the first formal evidence that phagocytic cells recognize bacterial motility rather than flagella and initiate phagocytosis in response to this motility. We demonstrate that deletion of genes coding for the flagellar stator complex, which results in non-swimming bacteria that retain an initial flagellar structure, confers resistance to phagocytic binding and ingestion in several species of the gamma proteobacterial group of Gram-negative bacteria, indicative of a shared strategy for phagocytic evasion. Furthermore, we show for the first time that susceptibility to phagocytosis in swimming bacteria is proportional to mot gene function and, consequently, flagellar rotation since complementary genetically- and biochemically-modulated incremental decreases in flagellar motility result in corresponding and proportional phagocytic evasion. These findings identify that phagocytic cells respond to flagellar movement, which represents a novel mechanism for non-opsonized phagocytic recognition of pathogenic bacteria.Rustin R LovewellRyan M CollinsJulie L AckerGeorge A O'TooleMatthew J WargoBrent BerwinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 7, Iss 9, p e1002253 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Rustin R Lovewell Ryan M Collins Julie L Acker George A O'Toole Matthew J Wargo Brent Berwin Step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.
description	Phagocytosis of bacteria by innate immune cells is a primary method of bacterial clearance during infection. However, the mechanisms by which the host cell recognizes bacteria and consequentially initiates phagocytosis are largely unclear. Previous studies of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa have indicated that bacterial flagella and flagellar motility play an important role in colonization of the host and, importantly, that loss of flagellar motility enables phagocytic evasion. Here we use molecular, cellular, and genetic methods to provide the first formal evidence that phagocytic cells recognize bacterial motility rather than flagella and initiate phagocytosis in response to this motility. We demonstrate that deletion of genes coding for the flagellar stator complex, which results in non-swimming bacteria that retain an initial flagellar structure, confers resistance to phagocytic binding and ingestion in several species of the gamma proteobacterial group of Gram-negative bacteria, indicative of a shared strategy for phagocytic evasion. Furthermore, we show for the first time that susceptibility to phagocytosis in swimming bacteria is proportional to mot gene function and, consequently, flagellar rotation since complementary genetically- and biochemically-modulated incremental decreases in flagellar motility result in corresponding and proportional phagocytic evasion. These findings identify that phagocytic cells respond to flagellar movement, which represents a novel mechanism for non-opsonized phagocytic recognition of pathogenic bacteria.
format	article
author	Rustin R Lovewell Ryan M Collins Julie L Acker George A O'Toole Matthew J Wargo Brent Berwin
author_facet	Rustin R Lovewell Ryan M Collins Julie L Acker George A O'Toole Matthew J Wargo Brent Berwin
author_sort	Rustin R Lovewell
title	Step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.
title_short	Step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.
title_full	Step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.
title_fullStr	Step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.
title_full_unstemmed	Step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.
title_sort	step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a192a39ecd949738ffc5f22fb95e419
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Step-wise loss of bacterial flagellar torsion confers progressive phagocytic evasion.

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