Implementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations

Abstract The Noah‐MP land surface model (LSM) relies on the Monin‐Obukhov (M‐O) Similarity Theory (MOST) to calculate land‐atmosphere exchanges of water, energy, and momentum fluxes. However, MOST flux‐profile relationships neglect canopy‐induced turbulence in the roughness sublayer (RSL) and parame...

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Autores principales:	Ronnie Abolafia‐Rosenzweig, Cenlin He, Sean P. Burns, Fei Chen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2021
Materias:	land surface model Noah‐MP roughness sublayer Snow SNOTEL AmeriFlux Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a1f75a19061414c82f356272f4f9ea6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a1f75a19061414c82f356272f4f9ea62021-11-30T08:40:32ZImplementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations1942-246610.1029/2021MS002665https://doaj.org/article/8a1f75a19061414c82f356272f4f9ea62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002665https://doaj.org/toc/1942-2466Abstract The Noah‐MP land surface model (LSM) relies on the Monin‐Obukhov (M‐O) Similarity Theory (MOST) to calculate land‐atmosphere exchanges of water, energy, and momentum fluxes. However, MOST flux‐profile relationships neglect canopy‐induced turbulence in the roughness sublayer (RSL) and parameterize within‐canopy turbulence in an ad hoc manner. We implement a new physics scheme (M‐O‐RSL) into Noah‐MP that explicitly parameterizes turbulence in RSL. We compare Noah‐MP simulations employing the M‐O‐RSL scheme (M‐O‐RSL simulations) and the default M‐O scheme (M‐O simulations) against observations obtained from 647 Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) stations and two AmeriFlux stations in the western United States. M‐O‐RSL simulations of snow water equivalent (SWE) outperform M‐O simulations over 64% and 69% of SNOTEL sites in terms of root‐mean‐square‐error (RMSE) and correlation, respectively. The largest improvements in skill for M‐O‐RSL occur over closed shrubland sites, and the largest degradations in skill occur over deciduous broadleaf forest sites. Differences between M‐O and M‐O‐RSL simulated snowpack are primarily attributable to differences in aerodynamic conductance for heat underneath the canopy top, which modulates sensible heat flux. Differences between M‐O and M‐O‐RSL within‐canopy and below‐canopy sensible heat fluxes affect the amount of heat transported into snowpack and hence change snowmelt when temperatures are close to or above the melting point. The surface energy budget analysis over two AmeriFlux stations shows that differences between M‐O and M‐O‐RSL simulations can be smaller than other model biases (e.g., surface albedo). We intend for the M‐O‐RSL physics scheme to improve performance and uncertainty estimates in weather and hydrological applications that rely on Noah‐MP.Ronnie Abolafia‐RosenzweigCenlin HeSean P. BurnsFei ChenAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)articleland surface modelNoah‐MProughness sublayerSnowSNOTELAmeriFluxPhysical geographyGB3-5030OceanographyGC1-1581ENJournal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol 13, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	land surface model Noah‐MP roughness sublayer Snow SNOTEL AmeriFlux Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581
spellingShingle	land surface model Noah‐MP roughness sublayer Snow SNOTEL AmeriFlux Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581 Ronnie Abolafia‐Rosenzweig Cenlin He Sean P. Burns Fei Chen Implementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations
description	Abstract The Noah‐MP land surface model (LSM) relies on the Monin‐Obukhov (M‐O) Similarity Theory (MOST) to calculate land‐atmosphere exchanges of water, energy, and momentum fluxes. However, MOST flux‐profile relationships neglect canopy‐induced turbulence in the roughness sublayer (RSL) and parameterize within‐canopy turbulence in an ad hoc manner. We implement a new physics scheme (M‐O‐RSL) into Noah‐MP that explicitly parameterizes turbulence in RSL. We compare Noah‐MP simulations employing the M‐O‐RSL scheme (M‐O‐RSL simulations) and the default M‐O scheme (M‐O simulations) against observations obtained from 647 Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) stations and two AmeriFlux stations in the western United States. M‐O‐RSL simulations of snow water equivalent (SWE) outperform M‐O simulations over 64% and 69% of SNOTEL sites in terms of root‐mean‐square‐error (RMSE) and correlation, respectively. The largest improvements in skill for M‐O‐RSL occur over closed shrubland sites, and the largest degradations in skill occur over deciduous broadleaf forest sites. Differences between M‐O and M‐O‐RSL simulated snowpack are primarily attributable to differences in aerodynamic conductance for heat underneath the canopy top, which modulates sensible heat flux. Differences between M‐O and M‐O‐RSL within‐canopy and below‐canopy sensible heat fluxes affect the amount of heat transported into snowpack and hence change snowmelt when temperatures are close to or above the melting point. The surface energy budget analysis over two AmeriFlux stations shows that differences between M‐O and M‐O‐RSL simulations can be smaller than other model biases (e.g., surface albedo). We intend for the M‐O‐RSL physics scheme to improve performance and uncertainty estimates in weather and hydrological applications that rely on Noah‐MP.
format	article
author	Ronnie Abolafia‐Rosenzweig Cenlin He Sean P. Burns Fei Chen
author_facet	Ronnie Abolafia‐Rosenzweig Cenlin He Sean P. Burns Fei Chen
author_sort	Ronnie Abolafia‐Rosenzweig
title	Implementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations
title_short	Implementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations
title_full	Implementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations
title_fullStr	Implementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations
title_full_unstemmed	Implementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations
title_sort	implementation and evaluation of a unified turbulence parameterization throughout the canopy and roughness sublayer in noah‐mp snow simulations
publisher	American Geophysical Union (AGU)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a1f75a19061414c82f356272f4f9ea6
work_keys_str_mv	AT ronnieabolafiarosenzweig implementationandevaluationofaunifiedturbulenceparameterizationthroughoutthecanopyandroughnesssublayerinnoahmpsnowsimulations AT cenlinhe implementationandevaluationofaunifiedturbulenceparameterizationthroughoutthecanopyandroughnesssublayerinnoahmpsnowsimulations AT seanpburns implementationandevaluationofaunifiedturbulenceparameterizationthroughoutthecanopyandroughnesssublayerinnoahmpsnowsimulations AT feichen implementationandevaluationofaunifiedturbulenceparameterizationthroughoutthecanopyandroughnesssublayerinnoahmpsnowsimulations
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Implementation and Evaluation of a Unified Turbulence Parameterization Throughout the Canopy and Roughness Sublayer in Noah‐MP Snow Simulations

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