Routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation

Abstract One of the lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic is the importance of social distancing, even in challenging circumstances such as pre-hurricane evacuation. To explore the implications of integrating social distancing with evacuation operations, we describe this evacuation process as a Capacit...

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Autores principales:	Yi-Lin Tsai, Chetanya Rastogi, Peter K. Kitanidis, Christopher B. Field
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a43febbba65460a8c60f141b9a707c7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a43febbba65460a8c60f141b9a707c72021-12-02T17:13:18ZRouting algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation10.1038/s41598-021-98643-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8a43febbba65460a8c60f141b9a707c72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98643-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract One of the lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic is the importance of social distancing, even in challenging circumstances such as pre-hurricane evacuation. To explore the implications of integrating social distancing with evacuation operations, we describe this evacuation process as a Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) and solve it using a DNN (Deep Neural Network)-based solution (Deep Reinforcement Learning) and a non-DNN solution (Sweep Algorithm). A central question is whether Deep Reinforcement Learning provides sufficient extra routing efficiency to accommodate increased social distancing in a time-constrained evacuation operation. We found that, in comparison to the Sweep Algorithm, Deep Reinforcement Learning can provide decision-makers with more efficient routing. However, the evacuation time saved by Deep Reinforcement Learning does not come close to compensating for the extra time required for social distancing, and its advantage disappears as the emergency vehicle capacity approaches the number of people per household.Yi-Lin TsaiChetanya RastogiPeter K. KitanidisChristopher B. FieldNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yi-Lin Tsai Chetanya Rastogi Peter K. Kitanidis Christopher B. Field Routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation
description	Abstract One of the lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic is the importance of social distancing, even in challenging circumstances such as pre-hurricane evacuation. To explore the implications of integrating social distancing with evacuation operations, we describe this evacuation process as a Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) and solve it using a DNN (Deep Neural Network)-based solution (Deep Reinforcement Learning) and a non-DNN solution (Sweep Algorithm). A central question is whether Deep Reinforcement Learning provides sufficient extra routing efficiency to accommodate increased social distancing in a time-constrained evacuation operation. We found that, in comparison to the Sweep Algorithm, Deep Reinforcement Learning can provide decision-makers with more efficient routing. However, the evacuation time saved by Deep Reinforcement Learning does not come close to compensating for the extra time required for social distancing, and its advantage disappears as the emergency vehicle capacity approaches the number of people per household.
format	article
author	Yi-Lin Tsai Chetanya Rastogi Peter K. Kitanidis Christopher B. Field
author_facet	Yi-Lin Tsai Chetanya Rastogi Peter K. Kitanidis Christopher B. Field
author_sort	Yi-Lin Tsai
title	Routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation
title_short	Routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation
title_full	Routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation
title_fullStr	Routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation
title_full_unstemmed	Routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation
title_sort	routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a43febbba65460a8c60f141b9a707c7
work_keys_str_mv	AT yilintsai routingalgorithmsastoolsforintegratingsocialdistancingwithemergencyevacuation AT chetanyarastogi routingalgorithmsastoolsforintegratingsocialdistancingwithemergencyevacuation AT peterkkitanidis routingalgorithmsastoolsforintegratingsocialdistancingwithemergencyevacuation AT christopherbfield routingalgorithmsastoolsforintegratingsocialdistancingwithemergencyevacuation
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Routing algorithms as tools for integrating social distancing with emergency evacuation

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